Mixture Performance of Bitumen Modified with Cocamide Diethanolamide

Abstract

Bituminous binders have been modified by using cocamide diethanolamide. The chemical material used in this study is used for the first-time on the purpose of modification of the bitumen. In addition to the conventional bitumen tests (penetration, softening point and ductility tests), adhesion and peeling tests (Vialit, Nicholson and California tests) were carried out on the bituminous binders which are modified with different ratios of cocamide diethanolamide. According to the results of the tests, the most appropriate additive ratio has been determined. Samples containing the reference bituminous binder and the bituminous binder modified with the most appropriate cocamide diethanolamide ratio were prepared using the superpave volumetric mix design method (SuperpaveTM). In accordance with standard method of test for resistance of compacted asphalt mixtures to moisture-induced damage (AASHTO T 283), the moisture susceptibility of prepared samples has been examined. In order to observe the changes in strength due to the temperature difference, prepared samples were subjected to the freeze-thawing test in accordance with standard test method for resistance of concrete to rapid freezing and thawing (ASTM C 666).

Keywords

cocamide diethanolamide / superpave™ / freeze-thaw cycle / moisture susceptibility / adhesion

References

[1] Tunç A. Road Materials and Applications[M], 2007 Ankara: Nobel Printing House.

[2] Bessa IS, Branco VTC, Soares JB, et al. Aggregate Shape Properties and Their Influence on the Behavior of Hot-Mix Asphalt[J]. J. Mater Civ. Eng., 2015, 27(7): 04 014 212

[3] Yılmaz M, Kök BH, Kuloğlu N. Effects of Using Asphaltite as Filler on Mechanical Properties of Hot Mix Asphalt[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2011, 25(11): 4279-4286.

[4] Gürer C, Karaşahin M. Investigation of Adhesion Properties of Chip Seal Aggregates[J]. Electronic Journal of Construction Technologies, 2014, 10(2): 1-11.

[5] Hamzah MO, Kakar MR, Hainin MR. An Overview of Moisture Damage in Asphalt Mixtures[J]. Journal Teknologi (Sciences&Engineering), 2015, 73(4): 125-131.

[6] Hamedi GS. Effects of Polymeric Coating the Aggregate Surface on Reducing Moisture Sensitivity of Asphalt Mixtures[J]. Int. J. Civ. Eng., 2018, 16(9): 1097-1107.

[7] Hamedi GH, Nejad FM, Oveisi K. Estimating the Moisture Damage of Asphalt Mixture Modified with Nano Zinc Oxide[J]. Mater Struct., 2016, 49(4): 1165-1174.

[8] Hamedi GH, Moghadas Nejad F, Oveisi K. Investigating the Effects of Using Nanomaterials on Moisture Damage of HMA[J]. Road Mater Pavement Des., 2015, 16(3): 536-552.

[9] Moreno F, Sol M, Martın J, et al. The Effect of Crumb Rubber Modifier on the Resistance of Asphalt Mixes to Plastic Deformation[J]. Materials and Design, 2013, 47: 274-280.

[10] Xu T, Wang H, Li Z, et al. Evaluation of Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Mixtures Using Different Laboratory Performance Tests[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2014, 53: 561-567.

[11] Mohammad LN, Wu Z, Obulareddy S, et al. Permanent Deformation Analysis of Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixtures with Simple Performance Tests and 2002 Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Software[J]. Transp. Res. Rec., 2006, 1970(1): 133-142.

[12] Motevalizadeh SM, Ayar P, Motevalizadeh SH, et al. Investigating the Impact of Different Loading Patterns on the Permanent Deformation Behaviour in Hot Mix Asphalt[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2018, 167: 707-715.

[13] Leon LP, Gay D. Gene Expression Programming for Evaluation of Aggregate Angularity Effects on Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Mixtures[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2019, 211: 470-478.

[14] Kutluhan S, Ağar E. Factors Effecting Rutting in Bituminous Hot Mixtures and Suggestions to Reduce Rutting[J]. Journal of İTÜ, 2011, 8(6): 179-191.

[15] Shafabakhsh GH, Sadeghnejad M, Sajed Y. Case Study of Rutting Performance of HMA Modified with Waste Rubber Powder[J]. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2014, 1: 69-76.

[16] Moghadas Nejad F, Azarhoosh A, Hamedi GH. Effect of High Density Polyethylene on the Fatigue and Rutting Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt — A Laboratory Study[J]. Road Mater. Pavement Des., 2014, 15(3): 746-756.

[17] Xu T, Huang X. Investigation into Causes of in-place Rutting in Asphalt Pavement[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2012, 28(1): 525-530.

[18] Zhu T, Ma T, Huang X, et al. Evaluating the Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures using a Simplified Triaxial Repeated Load Test[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2016, 166: 72-78.

[19] Çubuk M, Gürü M, Çubuk MK, et al. Improvement of Properties of Bitumen by Organic-Based Magnesium Additive[J]. J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gazi. Univ., 2013, 28(2): 257-264.

[20] Arslan D, Gürü M, Çubuk MK. Improvement of Bitumen and Bituminous Mixtures Performance Properties with Organic Based Zincphosphate Compund[J]. J. Fac. Eng. Archit. Gazi. Univ., 2012, 27(2): 459-466.

[21] Gürü M. Improvement of Adhesion of Bitumen-Aggregate Coating by Additives[J]. Cellulose Chem. Technol., 2004, 38(1–2): 129-140.

[22] CEN. Tests for Mechanical and Physical Properties of Aggregate-Part 6: Determination of Particle Density and Water Absorption[S]. TS EN 1097-6, 2013

[23] Subcommittee C09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates. Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in The Los Angeles Machine[S]. ASTM C 131-03, 2003

[24] CEN. Tests of Mechanical and Physical Properties of Aggregates-Part1: Determination of Abrasion Resistance (Micro-Deval)[S]. TS EN 1097-1, 2002

[25] CEN. Bitumen and Bituminous Binder[S]. TS EN 1426, 2015

[26] CEN. Bitumen and Bituminous Binders-Determination of The Softening Point-Ring and Ball Method[S]. TS EN 1427, 2015

[27] Technical Committee CEN/TC 336. Bitumen and Bituminous Binders-Determination of The Tensile Properties of Modified Bitumen by The Force Ductility Method[S]. TS EN 13589, 2008

[28] Technical Committee CEN/TC 336. Bitumen and Bituminous Binders-Measurement of Density and Specific Gravity-Capillary-Stoppered Pyknometer Method[S]. TS EN 15326+A1, 2010

[29] Erichsen E, Ulvik A, Saevik K. Mechanical Degradation of Aggregate by the Los Angeles-the Micro-Deval and the Nordic Test Methods[J]. Rock Mech Rock Eng., 2011, 44(3): 333-337.

[30] NHI (National Highway Institute) Superpave Fundamentals Reference Manual[M], 2000 Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration.

[31] Wei S, Ning L, Biao M, Junping R, Hainian W, Jian H. Impact of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Compressive Characteristics of Asphalt Mixture in Cold Regions[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci., 2015, 30(4): 703-709.

[32] ASTM Committee on Standards. Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing[S]. ASTM C 666, 2008