Mechanical properties of autoclaved shell-aggregate

Abstract

Waste solid propylene oxide sludge (POS) and fly ash were used as main raw material to prepare propylene oxide sludge aggregate (POSA) under the condition of autoclaved (180 °C, 1.0 MPa) curing. Three different test methods namely cylinder compressive strength (CCS), individual aggregate compressive strength (IACS) and strength contribution rate (SCR) proposed were used to characterize the mechanical properties of the autoclaved POSA. POS shell-aggregate with SCR of 94% were prepared under the hydrothermal synthesis and autoclaved curing. The experimental results indicate that CCS and IACS have good consistency in characterizing mechanical properties of POSA. It is suggested that SCR not only can characterize the strength of POSA core, but also can reflect the effect of shell on the performance of POSA. By means of least square method, relationships between CCS and IACS, CCS and SCR, IACS and SCR were deduced.

Keywords

propylene oxide sludge / cylinder compressive strength / strength contribution rate / aggregate / individual aggregate compressive strength

References

[1] Matar S., Hatch L.F. Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes[M], 1994 Houston Gulf Publishing Company

[2] Sun K.H., Zhang M.L., Meng X.Y. Production and Market Analysis of Propylene Oxide in China[J]. Mod. Chem. Industry, 2003, 23(2): 50-53^(In Chinese.

[3] Zhang Z.F., Zhen H.Y., Wu G.D., Zhang Y.J. Techno-economic Comparisons and Market Analysis for Propylene Oxide[J]. Techno-Economics in Petrochemicals, 2009, 25(5): 30-34.

[4] Swamy R.N., Wu L. The Ingredients for High Performance in Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete[J]. Struct. Lightweight Aggregate Concr., 1995, 13: 628-639.

[5] Chandra S., Berntsson L. Production of Lightweight Aggregates and Its Properties, Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Science, Technology, and Applications[M], 2002 New York William Andrew Inc 21-65.

[6] Chandra S., Berntsson L. Applications of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Science, Technology, and Applications[M], 2002 New York William Andrew Inc 369-400.

[7] Chandra S., Berntsson L. Historical Background of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Technology, and Applications [M], 2002 New York William Andrew Inc 5-19.

[8] Ramamurthy K., Harikrishnan K.I. Influence of Binders on Properties of Sintered Fly Ash Aaggregate [J]. Cement Concrete Composites, 2006, 28: 33-38.

[9] Huang S.C., Chang F.C. Production of Lightweight Aggregates from Mining Residues, Heavy Metal Sludge, and Incinerator Fly Ash[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, 144: 52-58.

[10] Wang X.R., Jin Y.Y., Wang Z.Y. Development of Lightweight Aggregate from Dry Sewage Sludge and Coal Ash[J]. Waste Management, 2009, 29: 1 330-1 335.

[11] González-Corrochanoa B., Alonso-Azcáratea J., Rodasb M. Characterization of Lightweight Aggregates Manufactured from Washing Aggregate Sludge and Fly Ash [J]. Resour Conserv Recy, 2009, 53: 571-581.

[12] Mun K.J. Development and Tests of Lightweight Aggregate Using Sewage Sludge for Nonstructural Concrete [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2007, 21: 1 583-1 588.

[13] Kourti I., Cheeseman C.R. Properties and Microstructure of Lightweight Aggregate Produced from Lignite Coal Fly Ash and Rrecycled Glass [J]. Resour Conserv. Recy., 2010, 54: 769-775.

[14] GB/T 17431.2-1998. Lightweight Aggregates and Its Test Methods-Part 2: Test Methods for Lightweight Aggregates[S]. (In Chinese)

[15] Yashima S., Kanda Y., Sano S. Relationship Between Particle Size and Fracture Energy or Impact Velocity Pequired to Fracture as Estimated from Single Particle Crushing [J]. Power Technol., 1987, 51: 277-282.

[16] Li Y. Measurement and Statistics of Single Pellet Mechanical Strength of Differently Shaped catalysts [J]. Power Technol., 2000, 113: 176-184.

[17] UNEEN-13055-1. Áridos Ligeros. Parte 1: Áridos Ligeros Para Hormigón, Mortero Einyectado [S].

[18] JCPDS (Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards). International Center for Diffraction Data [M]. Swarthmore, Pennsyvania, 2002

[19] Diamond S. The Microstructures of Cement Paste in Concrete[C]. Proc. of the 8th International Conference on the Chemistry of Cement, 1986, 1: 122-147.

[20] Lo T.Y., Cui H.Z. Effect of Porous Lightweight Aggregate on Strength of Concrete [J]. Materials Letters, 2004, 58: 916-919.

[21] Hu S.G., Wang F.Z. Lightweight Aggregate Concrete[M], 2005 Beijing Chemical Industry Press

[22] GB/T 50081-2002. Standard for Test Methods of Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete [S](In Chinese).

[23] Johnson R.A., Wichern D.W. Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis [M], 1992 New Jersey Prentice-Hall Inc