Nonlinear optical properties in bismuth-based glasses

Abstract

A series of glasses with high Bi₂O₃ content of Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃-WO₃ ternary system were chosen and prepared. Their densities and linear refractive indices increase with increasing WO₃ content. The optical band gaps E _opt of glasses obtained from ultraviolet absorption edges decreases with increase of WO₃ content. Z-scan technique was carried out to investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of the glasses. It is found that the nonlinear refraction γ increases with decreasing the optical band gap E _opt, since an increase of WO₃ content can promote the non-bridging oxygen ion content, and the highest γ value of samples is 1.173×10⁻¹⁴ cm²/W. The results show that these glasses are potential materials in the application of third-order nonlinear optics field.

Keywords

bismuth glasses / optical band gap / third-order nonlinear / Z-scan

References

[1] Shi C. Z., Liao Y. B., Lai S. R. Nonlinear Properties of Chalcogenide Fibers and Their Application to All-Optical Switching[J]. Laser Journal, 2001, 5: 1-4.

[2] Nie Q. H., Chen Y. F., Xu T. F. e. a1. Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃-SiO₂ Glasses[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2007, 22(4): 806-808.

[3] Chen Y. F., Nie Q. H., Xu T. F. e. a1. Z-scan Measurement of Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃-SiO₂ Glass[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2007, 22(1): 16-19.

[4] Sugimoto N., Kanbara H., Fujiwara S., . Ultrafast Response of Third-order Optical Nonlinearity in Glasses Containing Bi₂O₃[J]. Optics Letters, 1996, 21(20): 1 637-1 639.

[5] asegawa H. T., Nagashima T., Sugimoto N. Z-scan Study of Third Order Optical Nonlinearities in Bismuth-based Glasses[J]. Optics Communications, 2005, 250(4–6): 411-415.

[6] Kim S.-H., Yoko T. Nonlinear Optical Properties of TeO₂-Based Glasses: MOx-TeO₂ (M = Sc, Ti, V, Nb, Mo, Ta, and W) Binary Glasses[J]. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1995, 78(4): 1 061-1 065.

[7] Blanchandin S., Thomas P., Marchet P., . New Heavy Metal Oxide Glasses: Investigations within the TeO₂-Nb₂O₅-Bi₂O₃ System[J]. J.Alloy. Compd., 2002, 347: 206-212.

[8] Jeansannetas B., Blanchandin S., Thomas P., . Glass Structure and Optical Nonlinearities in Thallium(I) Tellurium( IV) Oxide Glasses[J]. J. Solid State Chem., 1999, 146: 329-335.

[9] Udovic M., Thomas P., Mirgorodsky A., . Thermal Characteristics, Raman Spectra and Structural Properties of New Tellurite Glasses within the Bi₂O₃-TiO₂-TeO₂ System[ J]. J. Solid State Chem., 2006, 179: 3 252-3 259.

[10] Chen Y. F., Nie Q. H., Xu T. F. e. a1. A Study of Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bi₂O₃-WO₃-TeO₂ Glasses[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2008, 354: 3 468-3 472.

[11] Lu A. X. New Functional Glass Materials[M], 2005 Changsha Central South University Press 165-174.

[12] Dimitrov V., Sakka S. Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Simple Oxides[J]. J. Appl. Phys., 1996, 79(3): 1 736-1 739.

[13] Chen Guoping. The Burden and Melting of Glass[M], 2005 Beijing Chemical Industry Press 10-11.

[14] Xu T. F., Chen F. F., Dai S. X., . Third-order Optical Nonlinear Characterizations of Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃-TiO₂ Ternary Glasses[J]. Physica B, 2009, 404(14–15): 2 012-2 015.

[15] Al-Ani S. K. J., Hogarth C. A. The Effect of Temperature on the Optical Absorption Edge of Thin Amorphous Oxide Films[J]. J. Mater. Sci., 1985, 20: 2 626-2 532.

[16] Sreemany M., Sen S. A Simple Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of the Optical Constants and Band Gap Energy of Multiple Layer TiO₂ Thin Films [J]. Mater. Chem. Phys., 2004, 83: 169-172.

[17] Bahgat A. A., El-Samanoudy M. M. Optical and Electrical Properties of Binary WO₃-Pb₃O₄ Glasses[J]. J. Phys. Chem. Solid, 1999, 60: 1 921-1 924.

[18] Sheik-Bahae M., Said A. A., Wei T. H., . Sensitive Measurement of Optical Nonlinearities Using a Single Beam[J]. IEEE J. Quant. Electron, 1990, 26(4): 760-769.

[19] Wan Q., Wang T. H. Third-order Optical Nonlinearity and Negative Photoconductivity of Ge Nanocrystals in Al₂O₃ Dielectric[J]. Nanotechnology, 2003, 14: L15-L18.

[20] Cassano T., Tommasi R., Ferrara M., . Substituent-dependence of the Optical Nonlinearities in Poly(2,5-dialkoxy-p-phenylenevin ylene) Polymers Investigated by the Z-scan Technique[J]. Chemical Physics, 2001, 272: 111-118.

[21] Gomes A. S. L., Falcao F. E. L. Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bismuth-Borate Glasses Measured by Conventional and Thermally Managed Eclipse Z-scan[J]. J. Appl. Phys., 2007, 101: 1-7.