Synthesis, characterization and catalytic application of H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/MCM-48 in the esterification of methacrylic acid with n-butyl alcohol

Abstract

A novel environmental friendly catalyst, H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/MCM-48, was prepared by impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by means of XRD and FT-IR. The synthesis of n-butyl methacrylate catalyzed by H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/MCM-48 was studied with methacrylic acid and n-butyl alcohol as reactants. H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/MCM-48 is an excellent catalyst for synthesizing n-butyl methacrylate and Keggin structure of H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ kept unchanged after being impregnated on surface of the molecular sieve support. Effects of n(methacrylic acid):n(n-butyl alcohol), catalyst dosage, cyclohexane(water-stripped reagent) and reaction time on yields of the product were investigated. The optimum conditions have been found, that is, molar ratio of acid to alcohol is 1:1.6, mass ratio of catalyst used to the reactants is 0.5% and reaction time is 2.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield of n-butyl methacrylate can reach 93.7%.

Keywords

MCM-48 molecular sieve / phosphotungstic acid / n-butyl methacrylate / catalysis

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