Synthesis of nanocrystalline RuO₂(60%)-SnO₂(40%) powders by amorphous citrate route

Abstract

Nanometer RuO₂-SnO₂ was synthesized by the citrate-gel method using RuCl₃, SnCl₄ as cation sources, citric acid as complexing agent and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The structures of the derived powders were characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement. The pure, fine and amorphous powders was obtained at 160 °C. The materials calcined at above 400 °C were composed of rutile-type oxide phases having particle sizes of fairly narrow distribution and good thermal resistant properties. By adding SnO₂ to RuO₂, the Ru metallic phase can be effectively controlled under a traditional temperature of preparation for dimensional stable anode.

Keywords

SnO₂ / RuO₂ / citric acid / nanocrystalline / synthesis

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