Setting and strength characteristics of alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious materials with ground slag replacement

Abstract

The effect of the ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) addition, the modulus n (mole ratio of SiO₂ to Na₂ O) and the concentration of sodium silicate solution on the compressive strength of the material, i e alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious material (AACCM for short) was investigated. In addition, it is found that barium chloride has a satisfactory retarding effect on the setting of AACCM in which more than 20% (by mass) ground carbonatite was replaced by GGBFS. As a result, a cementitious material, in which ground carbonatite rock served as dominative starting material, with 3-day and 28-day compressive strength greater than 30 MPa and 60 MPa and with continuous strength gain beyond 90 days was obtained.

Keywords

alkali activated cement / retardation / compressive strength / carbonatite / granulated blast-furnace slag

References

[1] Roy Delia M. Alkali-Activated Cements-Opportunities and Challenges. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999, 29(2): 249-254.

[2] Yin Suhong, Wen Ziyun, Wang Yuanguang. The Study on Alkali-activated-carbonatites Cementitious-grouting Material. in: Peimin Wang (Ed.),Proceedings of the 5thInternational Symposium on the Cement and Concrete, 2002: 917–924

[3] Yin Suhong, Ziyun Wen, Qijun Yu. Study on Reaction Products of Alkali-activated Carbonatites Cementitious Material. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2004, 32(3): 311-316.

[4] Zhao Sanyin, Qijun Yu, Fei Qiao, . Influence of Inorganic Mineral Powder on the Property of Alkali Activated-carbonatite Cementitious Material. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed., 2004, 26(7): 20-23.

[5] Brough A R, Holloway M, Sykes J, Atkinson A. Sodium Silicate-based Alkali-activated Slag Mortars Part II -The Retarding Effect of Additions of Sodium Chloride or Malic Acid. Cement and Concrete Research, 2000, 30(9): 1375-1379.

[6] Deja J. Immobilization of Cr⁶⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in Alkali-activated Slag Binders. Cement and Concrete Research, 2002, 32(12): 1971-1979.

[7] Rha Chong Yoon, Kang Seong Keun, Kim Chang Eun. Investigation of the Stability of Hardened Slag Paste for the Stabilization/Solidification of Wastes Containing Heavy Metal Ions. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2000, B73(3): 255-267.

[8] Brough A R, Atkinson A. Sodium Silicate-based Alkali-activated Slag Mortars Part I -Strength, Hydration and Microstructure. Cement and Concrete Research, 2002, 32(6): 865-879.

[9] Douglas E, Brandstetr J. A Preliminary Study of the Alkali Activation of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag. Cement and Concrete Research, 1990, 20(5): 746-756.

[10] Douglas E, Bilodeau A, Brandstetr J, Malhotra V M. Alkali Activated Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag Concrete: Preliminary Investigation. Cement and Concrete Research, 1991, 21(1): 101-108.

[11] Wang S D, Scrivener K L. Hydration Products of Alkali Activated Slag Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995, 25(3): 561-571.

[12] Wang S D, Scrivener K L, Pratt P L. Factors Affecting the Strength of Alkali Activated Slag. Cement and Concrete Research, 1994, 24(6): 1033-1043.

[13] Wang S D. Review of Recent Research on Alkali Activated Concrete in China. Mag. Concr. Res., 1991, 43: 29-35.

[14] Wang S D, Pu X C, Scrivener K L, Pratt P L. Alkali Activated Slag Cement and Concrete: A Review of Properties and Problems. Adv. Cem. Res., 1995, 7: 93-102.

[15] Ramachandran V S. Concrete Admixtures Handbook-Properties, Science, and Technology, 1995 second edition Park Ridge: Noyes Publications.