Electrochemical characterization of surface-modified LiMn₂O₄ cathode materials for Li-ion batteries

Abstract

To improve the performance, the surface of LiMn₂O₄ was coated with very fine MgO, Al₂O₃ and ZnO by sol-gel method, respectively. The structure and morphology of the coated materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The charge and discharge performance of uncoated and surface modified LiMn₂O₄ spinel at 25°C and 55°C were tested, using a voltage window of 3.0–4.35 V and a current density of 0.1 C rate. There is a slight decrease in the initial discharge capacity relative to that of uncoated LiMn₂O₄, but the cycle ability of Li LiMn₂O₄ coated by metal-oxide has remarkably been improved. The EIS measurements of uncoated and Al₂O₃-coated LiMn₂O₄ were carried out by a model 273 A potentiostat/galvanistat controlled by a computer using M270 software, and using a frequency response analyzer (Zsimpwin) combined with a potentiostate (PAR 273). Consequently, the reason for the improved cycle properties is that the surface modification reduces the dissolution of Mn, which results from the suppression of the electrolyte decomposition, and suppresses the formation of passivation film that acts as an electronic insulating layer. In conclusion, the use of surface modification is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of LiMn₂O₄ cathode material for lithium batteries.

Keywords

lithium-ion batteries / surface modification / metal-oxide coating / LiMn₂O₄ cathode

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