Bilateral relations between China and the United States: Policy prioritization with the ANP

Orrin Cooper , Qingxing Dong

Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2) : 202 -226.

PDF
Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2) : 202 -226. DOI: 10.1007/s11518-013-5218-5
Article

Bilateral relations between China and the United States: Policy prioritization with the ANP

Author information +
History +
PDF

Abstract

Improving relations between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the United States of America (US) and ensuring that they work together as allies rather than as competitors can serve as a stabilizing force against armed conflict, particularly with surrounding nations. The economic, social, and political relationships between the PRC and US have progressed along a hilly journey. As the second largest economy in the world, the PRC has continued to develop its military and is determined to climb the technological ladder. This growth has led the US and the PRC to be referred to as a G-2 of superpowers. As the US hegemony continues to weaken this G-2 relationship is becoming more important. With significant economic, political, and security issues at stake it is crucial that efforts to strengthen these relations are prioritized and implemented. A rigorous prioritization process, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) is used herein to prioritize the efforts and initiatives in the G-2 relationship. The model is presented with results and the extensive sensitivity analysis present additional insight into the suggested solutions.

Keywords

The analytic network process (ANP) / policy making / China / United States

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Orrin Cooper, Qingxing Dong. Bilateral relations between China and the United States: Policy prioritization with the ANP. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 2013, 22(2): 202-226 DOI:10.1007/s11518-013-5218-5

登录浏览全文

4963

注册一个新账户 忘记密码

References

[1]

Archie CV. China cannot have its cake and eat it too: coercing the PRC to reform its currency exchange policy to conform to its WTO obligations. North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation, 2011, 37: 247-247.

[2]

Art RJ. The United States and the rise of China: implications for the long haul. Political Science Quarterly, 2010, 125: 359-391.

[3]

Bahurmoz AMA. A strategic model for safety during the Hajj pilgrimage: an ANP application. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 2006, 15: 201-216.

[4]

Barboza D. China Passes Japan as Second-Largest Economy, 2010, New York, NY: New York Times

[5]

Baynham S. Cross-Straits relations and the 2004 Taiwanese elections. Defense and Security Analysis, 2005, 21: 105-110.

[6]

Bodansky D. The Copenhagen climate change conference: a postmortem. The American Journal of International Law, 2010, 104: 230-240.

[7]

Bracken P. Fire in the East: The Rise of Asian Military Power and the Second Nuclear Age, 2000, New York, NY: Harper Perennial

[8]

Breslin S. Understanding China’s regional rise: interpretations, identities and implications. International Affairs, 2009, 85: 817-835.

[9]

Cooper DA, Li Y. U.S. economic sanction threats against China: failing to leverage better human rights. Foreign Policy Analysis, 2006, 2: 307-324.

[10]

Copeland DC. The Origins of Major War, 2000, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press

[11]

DeLisle J. Soft power in a hard place: China, Taiwan, Cross-Strait relations and U.S. policy. Orbis, 2010, 54: 493-524.

[12]

Dorraj M, Currier CL. Lubricated with oil: Iran-China relations in a changing world. Middle East Policy, 2008, 15: 66.

[13]

Dumbaugh K. China-US relations: current issues and implications for US policy. China-United States Economic and Geopolitical Relations, 2007 1

[14]

Evans M. Power and paradox: Asian geopolitics and Sino-American relations in the 21st century. Orbis, 2011, 55: 85-113.

[15]

Herrmann C, Terhechte JP. European Yearbook of International Economic Law (EYIEL), Vol. 3, 2012 31-88.

[16]

Fang T, Worm V, Tung RL. Changing success and failure factors in business negotiations with the PRC. International Business Review, 2008, 17: 159-169.

[17]

Feng T. Economic globalization and the revision and implementation of Trade Union Law of the PRC. Theory & Practice of Trade Unions, 2002, 2: 4-9.

[18]

Ferrantino MJ, Liu X, Wang Z. Evasion behaviors of exporters and importers: evidence from the U.S.-China trade data discrepancy. Journal of International Economics, 2012, 86: 141-157.

[19]

Freeman CWJ. Preventing war in the Taiwan Strait: restraining Taiwan and Beijing. Foreign Affairs, 1998, 77: 6-11.

[20]

Friedberg AL. 11 September and the future of Sino-American relations. Survival, 2002, 44: 33-50.

[21]

Friedberg AL. The future of U.S.-China relations: is confict inevitable?. International Security, 2005, 30: 7-45.

[22]

Gallagher MG. China’s illusory threat to the South China Sea. International Security, 1994, 19: 169-194.

[23]

Garrison J. Constructing the “national interest” in U.S.-China policy making: how foreign policy decision groups define and signal policy choices. Foreign Policy Analysis, 2007, 3: 105-126.

[24]

Gaulier G, Lemoine F, Ünal-Kesenci D. China’s integration in East Asia: production sharing, FDI & high-tech trade. Economic Change and Restructuring, 2007, 40: 27-63.

[25]

Gilboy GJ. The myth behind China’s Miracle. Foreign Affairs, 2004, 83: 33-48.

[26]

Glaubitz J. Anti-hegemony formulas in Chinese foreign policy. Asian Survey, 1976, 16: 205-215.

[27]

Graham P. Mary Parker Follet — Prophet of Management, 1995, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press

[28]

Gries PH. Forecasting US-China relations, 2015. Asian Security, 2006, 2: 63-86.

[29]

Haveman HC, Wang Y. Going (more) public: ownership reform among Chinese firms. MIT — Harvard University Economic Sociology Seminar, 2008

[30]

He K, Feng H. If not soft balancing, then what? Reconsidering soft balancing and U.S. policy toward China. Security Studies, 2008, 17: 363-395.

[31]

Hill H, Jongwanich J. Outward foreign direct investment and the financial crisis in developing East Asia. Asian Development Review: Studies of Asian and Pacific Economic Issues, 2009, 26: 1

[32]

Hufbauer GC, Woollacott JC. Trade disputes between China and the United States: growing pains so far, worse ahead?. European Yearbook of International Economic Law (EYIEL), 2012, 3: 31-88.

[33]

Hughes, M. (2008). Ensuring fair winds and following seas: a proposal for a Sino-American incident at sea agreement. Naval Law Review, 56

[34]

Hunt MH. The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914, 1983, New York: Columbia University Press

[35]

INFORMS. INFORMS Impact Prize, 2008

[36]

Jao YC, Leung CK, Chai C. China’s Special Economic Zones: Policies, Problems and Prospects, 1986

[37]

Ju J, Ma H, Wei Z. Anti-Comparative Advantage: A Puzzle in US-China Bilateral Trade, 2011

[38]

Karl TR, Knight R, Easterling D, Quayle R. Indices of climate change for the United States. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1996, 77: 279-292.

[39]

Khorramshahgol R. An integrated strategic approach to supplier evaluation and selection. International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making, 2012, 11: 55.

[40]

Krugman P. Chinese New Year, 2010, New York, NY: New York Times

[41]

Lee JW, Hong K. Economic growth in Asia: determinants and prospects. Japan and the World Economy, 2012, 24(2): 101-113.

[42]

Li F. Yuan Strengthens as Hu Tells Obama China to Improve Flexibility. Bloomberg, 2012

[43]

Li Y, Drury AC. Threatening sanctions when engagement would be more effective: attaining better human rights in China. International Studies Perspectives, 2004, 5: 378-394.

[44]

Liberto J. Chinese VP: We Must Trust Each Other, 2012

[45]

Lieberthal K, Sandalow D. Overcoming obstacles to US-China cooperation on climate change, 2009, Washington, D.C.: the Brookings Institution

[46]

Liew LH. US trade deficits and Sino-US relations. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 2010, 40: 656-673.

[47]

Madhani A. Obama presses China to influence North Korea, 2012

[48]

Mason J, Parsons C. China and U.S. try to jumpstart stalled climate talks, 2009

[49]

Milburn F. Use of scenarios in strategic and political risk analyses. Handbook of Business Strategy, 2005, 6: 25-30.

[50]

Murray G. China: The Next Superpower, 1998, Richmond, UK: Curzon Press

[51]

Nederveen Pieterse J. Globalization the next round: sociological perspectives. Futures, 2008, 40: 707-720.

[52]

Oster, S. (2009). World’s top polluter emerges as green-technology leader. The Wall Street Journal, 15

[53]

Pardo RP. Seeing eye to eye: a constructivist explanation of Sino-American cooperation. APSA 2009 Toronto Meeting Paper, Toronto, Canada, 2009

[54]

Global Trade and Customs Journal, 2011, 4(6):

[55]

Ramos J, Oliveira MT, Santos MN. Stakeholder perceptions of decision-making process on marine biodiversity conservation on sal island (Cape Verde). Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 2011, 59: 95-105.

[56]

Ross RS. Beijing as a conservative power. Foreign Affairs, 1997, 76: 33-44.

[57]

Ross RS. Navigating the Taiwan Strait: deterrence, escalation dominance, and U.S.-China relations. International Security, 2002, 27: 48-85.

[58]

Saaty TL. A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 1977, 15: 234-281.

[59]

Saaty TL. How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. Interfaces, 1994, 24: 19-43.

[60]

Saaty TL. Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: the Analytic Network Process: the Organization and Prioritization of Complexity, 1996, PA, US: RWS publications Pittsburgh

[61]

Saaty TL. Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. ScientiaIranica, 2002, 9: 215-229.

[62]

Saaty TL. Decision making — the analytic hierarchy and network processes (AHP/ANP). Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 2004, 13: 1-35.

[63]

Saaty TL. Making and validating complex decisions with the AHP/ANP. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 2005, 14: 1-36.

[64]

Saaty TL. Who won the 2008 Olympics? A multicriteria decision of measuring intangibles. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 2008, 17: 473-486.

[65]

Saaty TL, Cho Y. The decision by the US congress on China’s trade status: a multicriteria analysis. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2001, 35: 243-252.

[66]

Saaty TL, Sagir M. Extending the measurement of tangibles to intangibles. International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making, 2009, 8: 7-27.

[67]

Saaty TL, Shang JS. An innovative orders-of-magnitude approach to AHP-based mutli-criteria decision making: prioritizing divergent intangible humane acts. European Journal of Operational Research, 2011, 214: 703-715.

[68]

Saaty TL, Vargas LG. Forecasting the future of the Soviet Union. Models, Methods, Concepts & Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 2001 219-233.

[69]

Saaty TL, Zoffer J. Negotiating the Israeli-Palestinian controversy from a new perspective. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, 2011, 10: 5-64.

[70]

Saunders PC. Long-term trends in China-Taiwan relations: implications for US Taiwan policy. Asian Survey, 2005, 45: 970-991.

[71]

Shambaugh D. Sino-American strategic relations: from partners to competitors. Survival, 2000, 42: 97-115.

[72]

Shambaugh D. China and the Korean peninsula: playing for the long term. The Washington Quarterly, 2003, 26: 43-56.

[73]

Shen D. How to Improve China-US Trust, 2011

[74]

Shen S, Cheung M. Reshaping nationalism: Chinese intellectual response towards Sino-American and Sino-Japanese relations in the twenty-first century. The Pacific Review, 2007, 20: 475-497.

[75]

Si SX, Bruton GD. Knowledge acquisition, cost savings, and strategic positioning: effects on Sino-American IJV performance. Journal of Business Research, 2005, 58: 1465-1473.

[76]

Su C. U.S.-China relations: Soviet views and policies. Asian Survey, 1983, 23: 555-579.

[77]

Tarbell DS, Saaty TL. The conflict in South Africa: directed or chaotic. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 1980, 4: 151-168.

[78]

Wallenius J, Dyer J, Fishburn P, Steuer R, Zionts S, Deb K. Multiple criteria decision making, multiattribute utility theory: recent accomplishments and what lies ahead. Management Science, 2008, 54: 1336-1349.

[79]

Walsh KA. China R&D: a high-tech field of dreams. Asia Pacific Business Review, 2007, 13: 321-335.

[80]

Whitaker R. Validation examples of the analytic hierarchy process and analytic network process. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 2007, 46: 840-859.

[81]

World Bank. China Quarterly Update, 2009, March ed. Bejing: World Bank Office

[82]

Wu Q. Research on the Sino-US trade conflict and countermeasures. International Business Research, 2009, 2(4): 194

[83]

Xin Q. Cooperation opportunity or confrontation catalyst? The implication of China’s naval development for China-US relations. Journal of Contemporary China, 2012, 21(76): 603-622.

[84]

Xu D. Wen: China Ready to Buy More from the US, 2012

[85]

Xu XE, Chen T. The effect of monetary policy on real estate price growth in China. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 2012, 20: 62-77.

[86]

Zagoria DS. U.S.-China and Cross-Strait relations: how stable? A conference with the PRC Taiwan Affairs Office on U.S.-China and Cross-Strait relations. American Foreign Policy Interests, 2011, 33: 168-177.

[87]

Zahir S. Eliciting ratio preferences for the analytic hierarchy process with visual interfaces: a new mode of preference measurement. International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making, 2006, 5: 245-261.

[88]

Zhou Y. Synchronizing export orientation with import substitution: creating competitive indigenous high-tech companies in China. World Development, 2008, 36: 2353-2370.

[89]

Zoffer J, Bahurmoz A, Hamid M, Minutolo M, Saaty T. Synthesis of complex criteria decision making: a case towards a consensus agreement for a Middle East conflict resolution. Group Decision and Negotiation, 2008, 17: 363-385.

AI Summary AI Mindmap
PDF

134

Accesses

0

Citation

Detail

Sections
Recommended

AI思维导图

/