Mechanism analysis on the extraction of valuable metals from spent LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

To enable the low-temperature and highly efficient extraction of lithium and valuable metals from spent LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ batteries, the reaction mechanism of the spent battery powder-sulfamic acid system was systematically investigated. The activation energy values of each reaction stage were calculated using different non-model fitting methods. The results indicate a two-stage reaction process, with apparent activation energies of 137.99 kJ/mol for the first stage and 89.08 kJ/mol for the second. Moreover, the reaction mechanisms were determined using the Z (α) master plot method, confirming that distinct kinetic models controlled different stages. Simultaneously, the alloying process of valuable metals in this roasting system was studied using different characterization techniques. This research provided theoretical guidance for the extraction of valuable metals from LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ battery powder.

Keywords

spent LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ / NH₂SO₃H / roast / activation energy / kinetic

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