Precursory information response and quantitative characterization of multi-component carbon-reinforced lining materials under load failure

Abstract

The complex stress environment during underground space reuse in deep mines often leads to significant instability in the surrounding rock-lining support structure of roadways. To address this, a multi-component carbon-reinforced lining material (CGNC) was developed to improve the mechanical properties and self-sensing capabilities of the surrounding rock-lining support structure, enabling precise identification of precursor information related to surrounding rock-lining instability and failure. In this study, the failure precursor characteristics of the sample are obtained by analyzing the CGNC acoustic emission parameters, resistivity, and full-field main strain during the loading process. By combining the b-value, failure precursor resistivity, and strain monitoring, the precursor information is quantitatively characterized. Finally, a response mechanism for precursor information, based on the integration of “force-acoustic-electricity-graph” is established. The results are as follows: 1) The optimal content of carbon-based materials is 0.2% graphene (GPE), 0.3% nano-carbon black (NCB), and 0.15% carbon nanotube (CNT), which results in an 86.7% increase in the sample’s strength. The yield stress can serve as the “failure precursor” for the sample’s instability. As the content increases, the “failure precursor” is delayed accordingly. 2) As the stress level approaches the yield stress, the b-value decreases sharply, acoustic emission energy increases significantly, and the resistivity and main strain curves nearly synchronously reach the “inflection point”, which serves as the precursor to sample failure. 3) With increasing carbon-based material content, the synergistic effect of the three materials causes the failure mode of the sample to evolve from uniform single cracking and tensile failure to large-scale fracture and multi-crack tensile-shear composite failure, fundamentally explaining the modification mechanism of carbon-based materials in cement-based composites. These findings provide theoretical support for the instability failure mechanism and early warning system of CGNC.

Keywords

precursor information / underground space of the mine / quantitative characterization / carbon-reinforced lining materials / force-acoustic-electricity-graph

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