Full-scale test of the effects of crosswinds on the operating posture of passenger trains

Abstract

Considering passenger trains’ key role in remote regions, this study employed machine vision technology to monitor five posture parameters of the second car of a conventional passenger train, aiming to investigate the influence of windbreaks and crosswinds along railways on the operating postures of conventional passenger trains. The study found that when passing through the anti-wind tunnel with holes, the amplitudes of posture parameters were smaller than those of other windbreaks, demonstrating the superior performance of this windbreak in maintaining posture stability compared to others. In tunnel sections, larger amplitudes of these parameters were observed for the tail car than the head car, while the opposite occurred in non-tunnel sections. Notably, during tunnel transit, their amplitudes did not increase monotonically with speed but peaked at a specific speed that most adversely affected the operating posture. These conclusions have a great significance for improving operating safety under crosswinds.

Keywords

operating posture / windbreaks / train stability / crosswinds / anti-wind tunnel with holes

References

[1] Zhang D, Guo Z-h, Ni Y-qet al.. Correlation between cargo properties and train overturning safety for a high-speed freight train under strong winds [J]. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2023, 17: 2221308

[2] Sun Z, Dai H-y, Gao Het al.. Dynamic performance of high-speed train passing windbreak breach under unsteady crosswind [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2019, 57(3): 408-424

[3] Kikuchi K, Suzuki M. Study of aerodynamic coefficients used to estimate critical wind speed for vehicle overturning [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2015, 147: 1-17

[4] Chen Z-w, Liu T-h, Guo Z-jet al.. Dynamic behaviors and mitigation measures of a train passing through windbreak transitions from ground to cutting [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2022, 29(8): 2675-2689

[5] Deng G-x, Peng Y, Yan C-get al.. Running safety evaluation of a 350 km/h high-speed freight train negotiating a curve based on the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2021, 235(9): 1143-1157

[6] Hashmi S A, Hemida H, Soper D. Wind tunnel testing on a train model subjected to crosswinds with different windbreak walls [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2019, 195: 104013

[7] Liu D-r, Marita Tomasini G, Rocchi Det al.. Correlation of car-body vibration and train overturning under strong wind conditions [J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2020, 142: 106743

[8] Liu D-r, Zhou W, Zhang Let al.. Momentary discomfort of high-speed trains passing through complex terrain sections under strong wind conditions [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2020, 58(9): 1428-1450

[9] Liu D-r, Lu Z-j, Zhong Met al.. Measurements of car-body lateral vibration induced by highspeed trains negotiating complex terrain sections under strong wind conditions [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2018, 56(2): 173-189

[10] Li T, Li Y-f, Wei Let al.. Comparative study on lateral vibration characteristics of the head and tail cars of high-speed trains under unsteady aerodynamic loadings [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2025, 63(3): 518-536

[11] Li T, Lu Z-j, Liu D-r. A car-body vibration offset monitoring method based on a magnetoresistive sensorpermanent magnet coupling system [J]. Journal of Vibration and Control, 2023, 29(19–20): 4577-4588

[12] Li T, Liu D-r, Lu Z-jet al.. A monitoring method for car-body vibration displacement of a high-speed train in windy conditions [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2022, 236(6): 649-661

[13] Yan J, Chen T-f, Deng Eet al.. Aerodynamic response and running posture analysis when the train passes a crosswind region on a bridge [J]. Applied Sciences, 2021, 11(9): 4126

[14] Yan J, Chen T-f, Cheng Set al.. Influence of posture change on train running safety under crosswind [J]. Applied Sciences, 2021, 11136067

[15] Xiang H-y, Hu H, Zhu Jet al.. Protective effect of railway bridge wind barriers on moving trains: An experimental study [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2022, 220: 104879

[16] Niu J-q, Zhang Y-c, Li Ret al.. Aerodynamic simulation of effects of one- and two-side windbreak walls on a moving train running on a double track railway line subjected to strong crosswind [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2022, 221: 104912

[17] Zhang H, Ling L, Zhai W-met al.. An active suspension system for enhancing running safety of high-speed trains under strong crosswind [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2024, 2385544-558

[18] Li G, Zhou Y, Yao Yet al.. Application of yaw dampers with frequency-selective damping to improve the locomotive adaptability to low/high conicity stability [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2023, 237(6): 784-795

[19] Konowrocki R, Bajer C. Vibrations due to the passage of a railway vehicle on straight and curved tracks [C]. XXIII Symposium–Vibrations in Physical Systems, 2008

[20] Zhai W-m, Liu P-f, Lin J-het al.. Experimental investigation on vibration behaviour of a CRH train at speed of 350 km/h [J]. International Journal of Rail Transportation, 2015, 3(1): 1-16

[21] Gong D, Wang K, Duan Yet al.. Car body floor vibration of high-speed railway vehicles and its reduction [J]. Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control, 2020, 39(4): 925-938

[22] Chang C, Ding X, Ling Let al.. Mechanism of high-speed train carbody shaking due to degradation of wheel-rail contact geometry [J]. International Journal of Rail Transportation, 2023, 11(3): 289-316

[23] Niu J-q, Zhou D, Wang Y-m. Numerical comparison of aerodynamic performance of stationary and moving trains with or without windbreak wall under crosswind [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2018, 182: 1-15

[24] He Y-wang. Design of the wind-resistant gallery in Lanzhou-Xinjiang high speed railway [J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2017, 34(6): 55-59(in Chinese)

[25] Sun B, Zhou W, Yuan M-zet al.. A cylindrical vehicle-mounted anemometer based on 12 pressure sensors: Principle, prototype design, and validation [J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2018, 18(17): 6954-6961

[26] Liu D-r, Lu Z-j, Cao T-pet al.. A realtime posture monitoring method for rail vehicle bodies based on machine vision [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2017, 55(6): 853-874

[27] Liu D-r, Li T, Meng Set al.. Investigating the car-body vibration of high-speed trains under different operating conditions with full-scale tests [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2022, 60(2): 633-652

[28] Liu D-r, Liang X-f, Wang J-qet al.. Effect of car-body lower-center rolling on aerodynamic performance of a high-speed train [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2022, 29(8): 2820-2836

[29] Du J-m, Fang Q, Wang Jet al.. Influences of high-speed train speed on tunnel aerodynamic pressures [J]. Applied Sciences, 2022, 121303

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Central South University