Iterative solution and numerical analysis of vehicle-track-bridge nonlinear coupled vibration considering viscoelasticity of rail pads

Abstract

To investigate the effect of rail pad viscoelasticity on vehicle-track-bridge coupled vibration, the fractional Voigt and Maxwell model in parallel (FVMP) was used to characterize the viscoelastic properties of the rail pad based on dynamic performance test results. The FVMP model was then incorporated into the vehicle-track-bridge nonlinear coupled model, and its dynamic response was solved using a cross-iteration algorithm with a relaxation factor. Results indicate that the nonlinear coupled model achieves good convergence when the time step is less than 0.001 s, with the cross-iteration algorithm adjusting the wheel-rail force. In particular, the best convergence is achieved when the relaxation factor is within the range of 0.3–0.5. The FVMP model effectively characterizes the viscoelasticity of rail pads across a temperature range of ±20 °C and a frequency range of 1–1000 Hz. The viscoelasticity of rail pads significantly affects high-frequency vibrations in the coupled system, particularly around 50 Hz, corresponding to the wheel-rail coupled resonance range. Considering rail pad viscoelasticity is essential for accurately predicting track structure vibrations.

Keywords

high-speed railway / rail pads / fractional derivative / vehicle-track-bridge coupled model / iterative algorithm

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