The application of multi-scale magnetic matrix materials in high-gradient magnetic separation: From micro- and nano- to millimeter-scale

Abstract

Micro- and nano- to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness. With the rapid progress in condensed matter physics, materials science, and mineral separation technologies, these materials are now poised for new opportunities in theoretical research and development. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of these matrices, encompassing their structure, size, shape, composition, properties, and multifaceted applications. These materials, primarily composed of alloys of transition state metasl such as iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), and nickel (Ni), exhibit unique attributes like high magnetization rates, low eleastic modulus, and high saturation magnetic field strengths. Furthermore, the studies also delve into the complex mechanical interactions involved in the separation of magnetic particles using magnetic separator matrices, including magnetic, gravitational, centrifugal, and van der Waals forces. The review outlines how size and shape effects influence the magnetic behavior of matrices, offering new perspectives for innovative applications of magnetic matrices in various domains of materials science and magnetic separation.

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