Characteristic and optimization of ferrite-rich sulfoaluminate-based composite cement suitable for cold region tunnels

Abstract

To develop suitable grouting materials for water conveyance tunnels in cold regions, firstly, this study investigated the performance evolution of ferrite-rich sulfoaluminate-based composite cement (FSAC grouting material) at 20 and 3 °C. The results show that low temperature only delays the strength development of FSAC grouting material within the first 3 d. Then, the effect of four typical early strength synergists on the early properties of FSAC grouting material was evaluated to optimize the early (≤1 d) strength at 3 °C. The most effective synergist, Ca(HCOO)₂, which enhances the low-temperature early strength without compromising fluidity was selected based on strength and fluidity tests. Its micro-mechanism was analyzed by XRD, TG, and SEM methods. The results reveal that the most suitable dosage range is 0.3 wt%–0.5 wt%. Proper addition of Ca(HCOO)₂ changed the crystal morphology of the hydration products, decreased the pore size and formed more compact hydration products by interlocking and overlapping. However, excessive addition of Ca(HCOO)₂ inhibited the hydration reaction, resulting in a simple and loose structure of the hydration products. The research results have reference value for controlling surrounding rock deformation and preventing water and mud inrushes during the excavation in cold region tunnels.

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