Investigation of granite failure precursor under axial load using modified LSTM framework

Abstract

Granite is usually composed of quartz, biotite, feldspar, and cracks, and the variation characteristics of these components could reflect the deformation and failure process of rock well. Taking granite as an example, the video camera was used to record the deformation and failure process of rock. The distribution of meso-components in video images was then identified. The meso-components of rock failure precursors were also discussed. Moreover, a modified LSTM (long short-term memory method) based on SSA (sparrow search algorithm) was proposed to estimate the change of meso-components of rock failure precursor. It shows that the initiation and expansion of cracks are mainly caused by feldspar and quartz fracture, and when the quartz and feldspar exit the stress framework, rock failure occurs; the second large increase of crack area and the second large decrease of quartz or feldspar area may be used as a precursor of rock failure; the precursor time of rock failure based on meso-scopic components is about 4 s earlier than that observed by the naked eye; the modified LSTM network has the strongest estimation ability for quartz area change, followed by feldspar and biotite, and has the worst estimation ability for cracks; when using the modified LSTM network to predict the precursors of rock instability and failure, quartz and feldspar could be given priority. The results presented herein may provide reference in the investigation of rock failure mechanism.

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