Relationships between rock ultrasonic properties with loading stresses and challenges in deep mining

Abstract

In-situ stress measurement is a key task in deep underground mining activities. An efficient stress measurement technique is important for determining the safety of the surrounding rock mass. Rock acoustic characteristics can comprehensively reflect rock physical and mechanical properties, structures, and in-situ stresses. Acoustic information, with the wave velocity as a key parameter, is significantly correlated with factors such as stress, deformation, microstructure, and environmental conditions. Recent studies and developments regarding rock acoustic properties were summarized based on numerous research results in regard to four aspects: the wave velocity–stress–strain correlation, the influence of intrinsic factors such as lithology and pore structure, the influence of external factors such as confining pressure and temperature, and theoretical wave velocity models. Equations for the coupled stress–temperature–wave velocity relationship considering the effect of temperature under stress were presented. Finally, suggested research directions for future advances in rock acoustics and in-situ stress measurement for the development of deep mining engineering were described.

Keywords

rock mechanics / acoustoelasticity / wave velocity / in-situ stress measurement / deep mining

References

[1] CaiM-F, BrownE T. Challenges in the mining and utilization of deep mineral resources[J]. Engineering, 2017, 3(4): 432-433

[2] CaiM-F, LiP, TanW-H, et al. . Key engineering technologies to achieve green, intelligent, and sustainable development of deep metal mines in China[J]. Engineering, 2021, 7(11): 1513-1517

[3] CaiM-F, PengH. Advance of in situ stress measurement in China[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 3(4): 373-384

[4] ChenL, ZhaoX-G, LiuJ, et al. . Progress on rock mechanics research of Beishan granite for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in China[J]. Rock Mechanics Bulletin, 2023, 2(3): 100046

[5] CaiM-F. Prediction and prevention of rockburst in metal mines–A case study of Sanshandao gold mine[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 82204-211

[6] TianJ-Y. Review of the acoustoelaticity in rocks[J]. Progress in Geophys, 2010, 25(1): 162-168

[7] BaJ, CarcioneJ M, CaoH, et al. . Poroacoustoelasticity of fluid-saturated rocks[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 2013, 61(3): 599-612

[8] LingW-C, BaJ, CarcioneJ M, et al. . Poroacoustoelasticity for rocks with a dual-pore structure[J]. Geophysics, 2021, 86(1): MR17-MR25

[9] ZhaoM-J, RongX U. The present situation and prospect of the acoustic properties research in rock[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University, 2000, 19(2): 79-8598

[10] WangP-T, YangT-H, ZhouJ-R. Slope failure analysis considering anisotropic characteristics of foliated rock masses[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2018, 11(9): 222

[11] WuF-Q, WuJ, BaoH, et al. . Rapid intelligent evaluation method and technology for determining engineering rock mass quality[J]. Rock Mechanics Bulletin, 2023, 22100038

[12] LabiouseV, VietorT. Laboratory and in situ simulation tests of the excavation damaged zone around galleries in opalinus clay[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2014, 47157-70

[13] LiJ-H, ShengQ, ZhuZ-Q, et al. . Analysis of stress path and failure mode of surrounding rock during mine-by test tunnel excavation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(4): 821-830

[14] ReadR S. 20 years of excavation response studies at AECL’s Underground Research Laboratory[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2004, 41(8): 1251-1275

[15] FengX-T, WuS-Y, LiS-J, et al. . Comprehensive field monitoring of deep tunnels at Jinping underground laboratory (CJPL-II) in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(4): 649-657

[16] LiuG-F, FengX-T, JiangQ, et al. . Failure characteristics, laws and mechanisms of rock spalling in excavation of large-scale underground powerhouse caverns in Baihetan[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(5): 865-878

[17] LurkaA. Location of high seismic activity zones and seismic hazard assessment in Zabrze Bielszowice coal mine using passive tomography[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2008, 18(2): 177-181

[18] HanL-J, LiZ-K, YanJ, et al. . Test and application of sonic properties of carbonate rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(14): 2444-2447

[19] YangZ, GeM-C, WangS-G. Characteristics of transmitting channel wave in a coal seam[J]. Mining Science and Technology (China), 2009, 19(3): 331-336

[20] ZhangG-K, LiH-B, WangM-Y, et al. . Evolution rule of acoustic characteristics of brittle rocks during whole stress-strain process[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2019, 50(8): 1971-1980

[21] LiuZ-P, WuX-W, ChuZ-H. Laboratory study of acoustic parameters of rock[J]. Acta Geophysica Sinica, 1994, 37(5): 659-666

[22] SunY-L, ZhouC-L, YuX-D, et al. . Experimental research on the ultrasonic technique and its application in studying rock properties[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 1992, 30(1): 46-57

[23] LiX-P, ZhaoH, LuoY, et al. . Experimental study of propagation and attenuation of elastic wave in deep rock mass with joints[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2015, 34(11): 2319-2326

[24] HuM-M, ZhouH, ZhangY-H, et al. . Analysis of acoustic property of sandstone under uniaxial loading[J]. Rock Soil Mech, 2018, 39(12): 4468-4474

[25] ZhengG-P, ZhaoX-D, LiuJ-P, et al. . Experimental study on change in acoustic wave velocity when rock is loading[J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2009, 30(08): 1197-1200

[26] GuoY-T, YangC-H. Experimental study on the change law between stress and velocity of longitudinal wave for the sandstone from northeastern Sichuan in uniaxial and triaxial compression[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2009, 30(8): 1197-1200

[27] ChengL-J, PanL-H, ZhangY, et al. . Velocity characteristics of P-wave and S-wave for shale reservoir under tri-axial compression experiments[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2016, 23(4): 465-469

[28] ZhangG K, LiH B, WangM Y, et al. . Crack initiation of granite under uniaxial compression tests: A comparison study[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2020, 12(3): 656-666

[29] YanX-Z, BaiH-B, ZhaiM-L. Experimental study on ultrasonic characteristics of shale rock with different bedding angle under uniaxial loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2021, 17(S2): 552-559

[30] ZhangG-K, LiH-B, XiaX, et al. . Experiment study on acoustic emission and wave propagation in granite under uniaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2017, 36(5): 1133-1144

[31] LiH-R, YangC-H, LiuY-G. Experimental study of ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emission properties of salt rock under uniaxial compression load[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2014, 33(10): 2107-2116

[32] ZhangP-S, ZhaoC-Y, LiT-H, et al. . Experimental study on wave velocity variation and energy evolution of red sandstone during triaxial loading process[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2021, 40(7): 1369-1382

[33] GeG-H, WangC, LiangL. Acoustic wave propagation characteristics of the soft sandstone under loading[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2015, 15(18): 85-90

[34] CaiM, KaiserP K, TasakaY, et al. . Generalized crack initiation and crack damage stress thresholds of brittle rock masses near underground excavations[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2004, 41(5): 833-847

[35] GongF-Q, WuC. Identifying crack compaction and crack damage stress thresholds of rock using load-unload response ratio (LURR) theory[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2020, 53(2): 943-954

[36] ChenX, SunJ-Z, TanC-S, et al. . Relation between P-wave velocity and stress of rock samples and their unloading effect[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32(5): 757-761

[37] DongL-J, ChenY-C, SunD-Y, et al. . Implications for rock instability precursors and principal stress direction from rock acoustic experiments[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2021, 31(5): 789-798

[38] ZhaoM-J, WuD-L. Ultrasonic velocity and attenuation of rock under uniaxial loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1999, 18(1): 50-55

[39] SaroglouC, KallimogiannisV. Fracturing process and effect of fracturing degree on wave velocity of a crystalline rock[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 9(5): 797-806

[40] Ali ZerroukiA, GeraudY, DobbiA, et al. . P-wave velocity anisotropy in Hamra Quartzites Reservoir, Hassi Messaoud oil field in Algeria[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2022, 15(9): 1-11

[41] LiuY, ZhaoM-J. Research overview of the relation between ultrasonic parameters and stress on rock[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University (Natural Science), 2006, 25(3): 54-58

[42] MashinskiiE I. Variants of the strain-amplitude dependence of elastic wave velocities in rocks under pressure[J]. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2004, 1(4): 295-306

[43] Kamali-AslA, KcB, GhazanfariE, et al. . Alteration of ultrasonic signatures by stress-induced changes in hydromechanical properties of fractured rocks[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2021, 142: 104705

[44] LiuX-J, LiuH, XuX-L, et al. . Experimental reasearch on acoustic wave propagation characteristic of low porosity and permeability sandstone under loading conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2009, 28(3): 560-567

[45] JinJ-F, ChengY, ChangX-X, et al. . Experimental study on stress wave propagation characteristics in red sandstone under axial static stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(8): 1939-1950

[46] ChawreB. Correlations between ultrasonic pulse wave velocities and rock properties of quartz-mica schist[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 10(3): 594-602

[47] ChenM, ZhangT, ShanH-G, et al. . Study of the relationship between compression wave velocity and physical properties of calcareous sand[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(6): 2275-2283

[48] MaZ-G, XieJ-G. Relationship among compressional wave, shear wave velocities and density of rocks[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2005, 20(4): 905-910

[49] XuX-L, ZhangR, DaiF, et al. . Effect of coal and rock characteristics on ultrasonic velocity[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2015, 40(4): 793-800

[50] LiuX-L, CuiJ-H, LiX-B, et al. . Study on attenuation characteristics of elastic wave in different types of rocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2018, 37(S1): 3223-3230

[51] González, Saldaña, Arzúa. Analytical model for predicting the UCS from P-wave velocity, density, and porosity on saturated limestone[J]. Applied Sciences, 2019, 9(23): 5265

[52] KhandelwalM. Correlating P-wave velocity with the physico-mechanical properties of different rocks[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2013, 1704507-514

[53] Hemmati NouraniM, Taheri MoghadderM, SafariM. Classification and assessment of rock mass parameters in Choghart iron mine using P-wave velocity[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 9(2): 318-328

[54] DuanX, LiuX-J. Two-phase pore-fluid distribution in fractured media: Acoustic wave velocity vs saturation[J]. Applied Geophysics, 2018, 15(2): 311-317

[55] WangX-M. Research progress in acoustics for multiphase porous reservoirs[J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics, 2009, 28(1): 1-9

[56] ZhangZ-Y, JanN, RenT, et al. . Influence of void space on microscopic behavior of fluid flow in rock joints[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2014, 24(3): 335-340

[57] JuY, YangY-M, MaoY-Z, et al. . Experimental study of stress wave propagation mechanism in pore media[J]. Scientia Sinica (Technologica), 2009, 39(5): 904-918

[58] WangZ-Z. Numerical-modeling of pore structure effects on acoustic attenuation in dry rocks[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2014, 29(6): 2766-2773

[59] ZhangJ-H, ChenH-K, WangH. Experimental study on the ultrasonic testing including porosity of rock damage characteristics[J]. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2017, 5(2): 19-29

[60] ZhuS-J, KangJ-H, WangY-P, et al. . Effect of CO₂ on coal P-wave velocity under triaxial stress[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2022, 32(1): 17-26

[61] KassabM A, WellerA. Study on P-wave and S-wave velocity in dry and wet sandstones of Tushka region, Egypt[J]. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 2015, 24(1): 1-11

[62] LiY, ZhangC, SongW-D, et al. . Elastic longitudinal wave and porosity of subsea gold deposits[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2021, 50(2): 239-247

[63] MaR-P, BaJ, LebedevM, et al. . Effect of pore fluid on ultrasonic S-wave attenuation in partially saturated tight rocks[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2021, 147104910

[64] ZhangK, LiD-H, LiangY-X. Experimental study on relationship between acoustic velocity and porosity of coal samples under triaxial loading[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2020, 48(5): 63-68

[65] XieZ-F, HanQ-B, ZhuC-P, et al. . The establishment and experimental verification of the relationship between Scholte wave velocity and porosity[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2013, 32(2): 81-85

[66] BaJ, PanX-M, CarcioneJ M, et al. . Effects of pressure and fluid properties on P-wave velocity and attenuation of tight sandstones[J]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2023, 101065630

[67] HamadaG, JosephV. Developed correlations between sound wave velocity and porosity, permeability and mechanical properties of sandstone core samples[J]. Petroleum Research, 2020, 5(4): 326-338

[68] SaroglouC, KallimogiannisV. Fracturing process and effect of fracturing degree on wave velocity of a crystalline rock[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 9(5): 797-806

[69] XiaK, NasseriM H B, MohantyB, et al. . Effects of microstructures on dynamic compression of Barre granite[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2008, 45(6): 879-887

[70] LiC, LuoX-R, ZhangL-K. Overpressure responses for chemical compaction of mudstones and the pore pressure prediction[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2020, 49(5): 951-973

[71] WuY-X, HuX-Y, YiJ-Z, et al. . Research and application of acoustic time difference response characteristics of high temperature and overpressure gas reservoir in Yinggehai Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2021, 32(2): 298-307

[72] GuoJ-Q, XuZ-L, LiH-F. Influence of water-saturated state on mechanical properties and longitudinal wave velocity of karst limestone[J]. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, 37(2): 60-66

[73] DengT, HanW-F, BaoH-Z. On the characteristics of wave velocity variations for marbles saturated in water[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2000, 19(6): 762-765

[74] MaR-P, BaJ, CarcioneJ, et al. . Experimental study on petrophysical properties as a tool to identify pore fluids in tight-rock reservoirs[J]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2021, 9652344

[75] ChenX, YuJ, LiH, et al. . Experimental study of propagation characteristics of acoustic wave in rocks with different lithologies and water contents[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013, 34(9): 2527-2533

[76] ZhuH-H, ZhouZ-G, DengT. Acoustic parameters of low-porosity rock under dry and saturated conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(5): 823-828

[77] ShiX-J, XuG-M, JingP, et al. . The laboratory study of influence of water saturation on rock’s velocity and attenuation[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 1995, 38(S1): 281-287

[78] LiuY, WangH-C, HouJ-G, et al. . Experiments on seismic velocity of sandstones under dry, water and oil saturated conditions[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2018, 33(4): 1388-1394

[79] YinX-M, YanE-C, WangL-N, et al. . Effect of water and microstructure on wave velocity anisotropy of schist and its mechanism[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(6): 2221-2230

[80] HAO Zhao-bing, QIN Jing-xin, WU Xiang-yang. Overview of research on the seismic wave quality factor (Q) [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 24(2): 375–381. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-8651(10)60080-4. (in Chinese)

[81] ShiG, YangD-Q. The regression analysis study on velocity and porosity and clay content of rocks[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2001, 37(3): 379-384

[82] ChenZ-A, WuX-Y. A model for the relation between wave velocity and porosity as well as clay content in sandstone[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2000, 15(1): 78-82

[83] DengT, YangL-D. Characteristics of velocity ratio of P-wave and S-wave for anisotropic rocks [[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(10): 2023-2029

[84] ZhangX-P, ZhuH-K, LiuQ-S, et al. . Research on microseismic event locating in layered rock masses based on snell’s law and cuckoo search algorithm[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(7): 1383-1391

[85] HanS, CaiM-F. Study on physical simulation of jointed rock mass and ultrasonic experiments[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2007, 26(5): 1026-1033

[86] HanS, CaiM-F. A research on the ultrasonic wave velocity in fracture rock mass subjected to uniaxial loading[J]. Gold, 2006, 27(12): 35-39

[87] LouisL, DavidC, RobionP. Comparison of the anisotropic behaviour of undeformed sandstones under dry and saturated conditions[J]. Tectonophysics, 2003, 370(1–4): 193-212

[88] SimoneT, ArndH, RiccardoA, et al. . Effect of fracture scale length and aperture on seismic wave propagation: An experimental study[J]. Journal of Petrology, 2007, 48(12): 2407-2430

[89] SongZ-P, WangJ-X, JiangA-N, et al. . Ultrasonic tests on schist with saturated fractures under uniaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(12): 2377-2383

[90] KurtulusC, ÜckardesM, SariU, et al. . Experimental studies in wave propagation across a jointed rock mass[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 2012, 71(2): 231-234

[91] ZhaoX-C, ZhaoX-Y, GuoJ-Q. Experimental study on acoustic and mechanical properties of intermittent jointed rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2020, 39(7): 1408-1419

[92] ChenQ, LiuX-J, LiuH, et al. . An experimental study of ultrasonic penetration through bedding shale reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2013, 33(8): 140-144

[93] ChenT-Y, FengX-T, ZhangX-W, et al. . Experimental study on mechanical and anisotropic properties of black shale[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(9): 1772-1779

[94] XuF-L, ChenQ, ZhuH-L, et al. . Response analysis of shale bedding structure to ultrasonic characteristics and its application[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019, 46(1): 82-92

[95] LiX-S, LiuX-J, XiongJ, et al. . Influence of bedding on compressional wave characteristics of shales[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019, 31(3): 152-160

[96] DengH-F, LiT, LiJ-L, et al. . Study on calculation method of anisotropic acoustic and mechanical parameters of layered rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2020, 39(S1): 2725-2732

[97] ShiX-M, WangG-M, XiongZ-H, et al. . Experimental study on influence of laminae direction on P-wave and S-wave velocities and elastic parameters of shale[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38(8): 1567-1677

[98] ZhouF, XuM-J, MaZ-G, et al. . An experimental study on the correlation between the elastic wave velocity and microfractures in coal rock from the Qingshui Basin[J]. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2012, 9(6): 691-696

[99] ChengY-F, SunY-W, ChangX, et al. . Acoustic characteristics research of dense limestone under different influencing factors[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2014, 14(15): 143-147

[100] SongL-T, WangY, LiuZ-H, et al. . Elastic anisotropy characteristics of tight sands under different confining pressures and fluid saturation states[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2015, 58(9): 3401-3411

[101] YinS, DingW-L, SunY-H, et al. . Experimental study on pore/fissure morphology evolution of gas-bearing tight sandstone under different confining pressure conditions[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2016, 55(3): 326-332

[102] ZhangS, ZhangX-L, WangX-F, et al. . Experimental study on the variation of wave velocities of granite during loading process under a certain confining pressure[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38(9): 1767-1775

[103] GongJ-C, ChenS-H. Experimental study on mechanical parameters and wave velocity variation of sandstone under high ground stress[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Engineering Science), 2020, 50(3): 82-87, 97

[104] WangM, TianJ-Y. Coupled model for velocity change in rocks subjected to hydrostatic confining pressure based on rock acoustoelasticity[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2019, 34(2): 462-468

[105] GuoD-Y, HanD-X, FengZ-L. Experimental study of the wave velocity characteristics of tectonic coals under envelope pressure[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 1998, 26(4): 22-24

[106] JinJ-F, LiangC, WangJ, et al. . Effect of confining pressure on spectrum and frequency band energy of stress wave in red sandstone[J]. Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 2018, 9(4): 76-82

[107] WangG-B, YangC-H, GuoY-T, et al. . Experimental research on distribution characteristics and influential factors of P-wave velocity for rocks in northeast region of Sichuan Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(S1): 2834-2842

[108] FanL F, SunH Y. Seismic wave propagation through an in situ stressed rock mass[J]. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 2015, 12113-20

[109] LiY, ZhangC, SongW-D, et al. . Elastic longitudinal wave and porosity of subsea gold deposits[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2021, 50(2): 239-247

[110] YangS-F, ChenH-L, JiangJ-S, et al. . Wave velocity characteristics of South China Type I and S granites under high temperature and pressure and their geological significance[J]. Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences, 1997, 27(1): 33-38

[111] DuS-J, MaM, ChenH-H, et al. . Testing study on longitudinal wave characteristics of granite after high temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2003, 22(11): 1803-1806

[112] WuX-D, LiuJ-R, QinJ-S. Effects of thermal treatment on wave velocity as well as porosity and permeability of rock[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2003, 27(4): 70-75

[113] YanZ-G, ZhuH-H, DengT, et al. . Experimental study on longitudinal wave characteristics of tuff, granite and breccia after high temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2006, 28(11): 2010-2014

[114] HeG-L, WuG, HuangX-C, et al. . Experimental study on ultrasonic properties of sandstone before and after high temperature[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2007, 28(4): 779-784

[115] ZhiL-P, XuJ-Y, LiuZ-Q, et al. . Research on ultrasonic characteristics and Brazilian splitting-tensile test of granite under post-high temperature[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(S1): 61-66

[116] ZhiL-P, XuJ-Y, LiuJ-Z, et al. . Research on ultrasonic characteristics and mechanical properties of granite under post-high temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2012, 8(4): 716-721

[117] SuH-J, JingH-W, ZhaoH-H. Experimental investigation on loading rate effect of sandstone after high temperature under uniaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(6): 1064-1071

[118] WangP, XuJ-Y, LiuS, et al. . Mechanical properties and ultrasonic time-frequency characteristics of thermally damaged sandstone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(9): 1897-1904

[119] WangZ L, ShiG Y. Effect of heat treatment on dynamic tensile strength and damage behavior of medium-fine-grained Huashan granite[J]. Experimental Techniques, 2017, 41(4): 365-375

[120] WuX-H, CaiM-F, RenF-H, et al. . Evolutions of P-wave velocity and thermal conductivity of granite under different thermal treatments[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2022, 41(3): 457-467

[121] MotraH B, ZertaniS. Influence of loading and heating processes on elastic and geomechanical properties of eclogites and granulites[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 10(1): 127-137

[122] HuJ-J, XieH-P, SunQ, et al. . Changes in the thermodynamic properties of alkaline granite after cyclic quenching following high temperature action[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2021, 31(5): 843-852

[123] PanJ-L, XiX, WuX, et al. . Physical properties evolution and microscopic mechanisms of granite modified by thermal and chemical stimulation[J]. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2023, 41: 102633

[124] ZhouH, LiuH-T, HuD-W, et al. . Anisotropies in mechanical behaviour, thermal expansion and P-wave velocity of sandstone with bedding planes[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2016, 49(11): 4497-4504

[125] LiuS, XuJ-Y. An experimental study on the physico-mechanical properties of two post-high-temperature rocks[J]. Engineering Geology, 2015, 18563-70

[126] GautamP K, VermaA K, SinghT N, et al. . Experimental investigations on the thermal properties of Jalore granitic rocks for nuclear waste repository[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2019, 681: 178381

[127] WuH, LiuY-J, YangM, et al. . Effect of temperature-dependent rock thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity on heat recovery in an enhanced geothermal system[J]. Rock Mechanics Bulletin, 2023, 2(2): 100045

[128] PanJ-L, ZhangY, LiP, et al. . Mechanical properties and thermo-chemical damage constitutive model of granite subjected to thermal and chemical treatments under uniaxial compression[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 390131755

[129] JIANG Guang-hui, ZUO Jian-ping, MA Teng, et al. Experimental investigation of wave velocity-permeability model for granite subjected to different temperature processing [J]. Geofluids, 2017: 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6586438.

[130] ZhangJ-Y, ShenY-J, YangG-S, et al. . Inconsistency of changes in uniaxial compressive strength and P-wave velocity of sandstone after temperature treatments[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2021, 131143-153

[131] ZhangW, SunQ, ZhangY-L, et al. . Porosity and wave velocity evolution of granite after high-temperature treatment: A review[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2018, 77(9): 350

[132] SunQ, ZhangZ-Z, XueL, et al. . Physicomechanical properties variation of rock with phase transformation under high temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 325935-942

[133] HeA-L, WangZ-L, BiC-C. Experimental study on thermal damage characteristics and mechanism of Huashan granite[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering, 2018, 195-101

[134] SuC-D, GuoW-B, LiX-S. Experimental research on mechanical properties of coarse sandstone after high temperatures[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008, 199(6): 1162-1170

[135] ZhengH, LinS-QUltrasonic testing [M], 20082 editionBeijing, Labor and Social Security of China Press

[136] BirchF. The velocity of compressional waves in rocks to 10 kilobars: 1[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1960, 65(4): 1083-1102

[137] BirchF. The velocity of compressional waves in rocks to 10 kilobars: 2[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1961, 66(7): 2199-2224

[138] ThillR E, WillardR J, BurT R. Correlation of longitudinal velocity variation with rock fabric[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1969, 74(20): 4897-4909

[139] ThillR E, BurT R, SteckleyR C. Velocity anisotropy in dry and saturated rock spheres and its relation to rock fabric[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1973, 10(6): 535-557

[140] WyllieM R J, GregoryA R, GardnerL W. Elastic wave velocities in heterogeneous and porous media[J]. Geophysics, 1956, 21(1): 41-70

[141] HudsonJ AThe excitation and propagation of elastic waves [M], 1980, England, Cambridge University Press: 226

[142] SayersC M. Stress-induced ultrasonic wave velocity anisotropy in fractured rock[J]. Ultrasonics, 1988, 26(6): 311-317

[143] ShiG, ShenL-D. Evaluations of the lithological character and physical property of rocks from the relation between wave velocity and pressure—An experimental study[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 1990, 33(2): 212-219

[144] WepferW W, ChristensenN I. A seismic velocity-confining pressure relation, with applications[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1991, 28(5): 451-456

[145] FreundD. Ultrasonic compressional and shear velocities in dry clastic rocks as a function of porosity, clay content, and confining pressure[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 1992, 108(1): 125-135

[146] GreenfieldR J, GrahamE K. Application of a simple relation for describing wave velocity as a function of pressure in rocks containing microcracks[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1996, 101(B3): 5643-5652

[147] HUANG Xiao-jun, BURNS D R, TOKSOZ M N. The effect of stresses on the sound velocity in rocks: Theory of acoustoelasticity and experimental measurements [R]. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Earth Resources Laboratory, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/172L1/68599.

[148] XuF-L, ChenQ, ZhuH-L, et al. . Response analysis of shale bedding structure to ultrasonic characteristics and its application[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019, 46(1): 82-92

[149] WangP-T. Uniaxial compression test and numerical simulation of stratified biotite granulite[J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2015, 36(11): 1633-1637

[150] WangP-T, RenF-H, MiaoS-J, et al. . Evaluation of the anisotropy and directionality of a jointed rock mass under numerical direct shear tests[J]. Engineering Geology, 2017, 225: 29-41

[151] ZhangX-J, TangS-Y, ZhaoH-Y, et al. . Research status and key technologies of 3D printing[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2016, 44(2): 122-128

[152] WangP-T, LiuY, ZhangL, et al. . Preliminary experimental study on uniaxial compressive properties of 3D printed fractured rock models[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2018, 37(2): 364-373

[153] WangP-T, RenF-H, TanW-H, et al. . Model of roughness discrete fractures network for uniaxial compressive test and its mechanical properties[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2017, 38(S1): 70-78

[154] GaoY-T, WuT-H, ZhouY. Application and prospective of 3D printing in rock mechanics: A review[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2021, 28(1): 1-17

[155] LiP, CaiM-F, GuoQ-F, et al. . Characteristics and implications of stress state in a gold mine in Ludong area, China[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2018, 25(12): 1363-1372

[156] XieH-P, MiaoH-Y, ZhouH-W. Development strategy of mining discipline in China during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2021, 35(6): 856-863

[157] CaiM-F, JiD, GuoQ-F. Study of rockburst prediction based on in situ stress measurement and theory of energy accumulation caused by mining disturbance[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 32(10): 1973-1980

[158] HeX-Q, ZhouC, SongD-Z, et al. . Mechanism and monitoring and early warning technology for rockburst in coal mines[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2021, 28(7): 1097-1111

[159] LiP, CaiM-F, WangP-T, et al. . Mechanical properties and energy evolution of jointed rock specimens containing an opening under uniaxial loading[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2021, 28(12): 1875-1886

[160] CaiM-F, ChenC-Z, PengH, et al. . In-situ stress measurement by hydraulic fracturing technique in deep position of wanfu coal mine[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(5): 1069-1074

[161] CaiM-F, QiaoL, LiH-BPrinciples and techniques of in-situ stress measurement [M], 1995, Beijing, Science Press

[162] ZhangC-Y, WuM-L, ChenQ-C, et al. . Review of in-situ stress measurement methods[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science), 2012, 31(3): 305-310

[163] TangX-M, WangH-M, SuY-D, et al. . Inversion for micro pore structure distribution characteristics using cracked porous medium elastic wave theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2021, 64(8): 22941-2951

[164] AbdelhediM, AlouiM, MnifT, et al. . Ultrasonic velocity as a tool for mechanical and physical parameters prediction within carbonate rocks[J]. Geomechanics and Engineering, 2017, 13(3): 371-384

[165] GohT, RafekA G, SerasaA S, et al. . Use of ultrasonic velocity travel time to estimate uniaxial compressive strength of granite and schist in Malaysia[J]. Ssains Malays, 2016, 45(2): 185-193

[166] WuH-B, DongS-H, LiD-H, et al. . Experimental study on dynamic elastic parameters of coal samples[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2015, 25(3): 447-452

[167] SelçukL, NarA. Prediction of uniaxial compressive strength of intact rocks using ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound-hammer number[J]. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 2016, 49(1): 67-75

[168] CaiM-F, XueD-L, RenF-H. Current status and development strategy of metal mines[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineeringg, 2019, 41(4): 417-426