Seepage characteristics test of carbonaceous mudstone soil-rock mixture considering rock content and rainfall infiltration angle

Abstract

To investigate the infiltration characteristics of carbonaceous mudstone soil-rock mixtures under the effect of rainfall infiltration, model tests considering rock contents and rainfall infiltration angles were carried out, and the various patterns of volumetric water content and matrix suction at each elevation within the sample were obtained. The VAN-GENUCHTEN model was used to fit the test results, helping to obatain the soil-water characteristic curves of carbonaceous mudstone soil-rock mixtures. The research results show that the volumetric water content of the carbonaceous mudstone soil-rock mixture was in a gradient trend, with the water content increasing from top to bottom and reaching a stable level, and the bottom sample saturated to the top. The permeability coefficient of the carbonaceous mudstone soil-rock mixture demonstrated a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of rock content. The rise of rainfall infiltration angle effectively inhibited the reduction of matrix suction inside the sample during the rainfall process. During the drainage process, the water content at each elevation within the sample showed an exponential function with the changing pattern of drainage time. Furthermore, the rock content and the rainfall infiltration angle affect the sample’s particle loss.

Keywords

soil-rock mixture / rainfall infiltration angle / permeability coefficient / rock content / model tests

References

[1] JiangZ-m, ZengL, FuH-y, et al. . Dynamic stability analysis of soft rock slopes under extreme prolonged rain conditions [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2014, 27(2): 27-34(in Chinese)

[2] RenS-s, ShangY-q, HeT-t, et al. . Numerical simulation method for siphonic drainage in slope and its application [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 32(10): 2022-2027(in Chinese)

[3] QiuX, FanX-m, XuH, et al. . Corrosion characteristics of low-carbon steel anchor bolts in a carbonaceous mudstone environment [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2023, 30(4): 1107-1122

[4] ZengL, YuH-c, GaoQ-f, et al. . Mechanical behavior and microstructural mechanism of improved disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2020, 27(7): 1992-2002

[5] ZengL, YuH-c, LiuJ, et al. . Mechanical behaviour of disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone under stress and cyclic drying/wetting [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 282: 122656

[6] ZengL, LuoJ-t, LiuJ, et al. . Disintegration characteristics and mechanisms of carbonaceous mudstone subjected to load and cyclic drying-wetting [J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2021, 33(8): 04021195

[7] ZengL, QiuX, FuH-y, et al. . Stability analysis of disintegrated pretreated carbonaceous mudstone embankment during water level rise and fall [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2017, 30510-19(in Chinese)

[8] MEDLEY E. Orderly characterization of chaotic franciscan melanges [J]. Engineering Geology, 2001(4): 20–33.

[9] LiuZ-z, YanZ-x, DuanJ, et al. . Infiltration regulation and stability analysis of soil slope under sustained and small intensity rainfall [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2013, 20(9): 2519-2527

[10] ZengL, QiuX, FuH-y, et al. . Experiment on water characteristics of carbonaceous mudstone-soil layered embankment under rainfall conditions [J]. Journal of Chang’an University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2016, 36(5): 29-36(in Chinese)

[11] ZhuW, ChenX-d, ZhongX-chun. Observation and analysis of rainfall infiltration [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2006, 27(11): 1873-1679(in Chinese)

[12] YaoZ-h, ChenZ-h, HuangX-f, et al. . Study on the seepage characteristics of unsaturated primary and remodeled Q3 loess [J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2012, 34(6): 1020-1027(in Chinese)

[13] XuJ-c, ShangY-quan. Influence of permeability of gravel soil on debris landslide stability [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(11): 2264-2271(in Chinese)

[14] XuW-j, WangY-gang. Meso-structural permeability of S-RM based on numerical tests [J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32(4): 542-550(in Chinese)

[15] ZhouZ, YangHao. Model development and experimental verification for permeability coefficient of soil rock mixture [J]. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2017, 17(4): 1274-1285

[16] WangT, YanC-z, ZhengY-c, et al. . Numerical study on the effect of meso-structure on hydraulic conductivity of soil-rock mixtures [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2022, 146104726

[17] MokwaR L, RobertN R. Permeability of coarse-grain soil from void space and pore distribution [J]. Geotechnical Special Publication, 2008, 179428-435

[18] ZhouZ, FuH-l, LiuB-shen. Orthogonal tests on permeability of soil-rock-mixture [J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 28(9): 1134-1138(in Chinese)

[19] WangY, LiX-s, ZhengB, et al. . Investigation of the effect of soil matrix on flow characteristics for soil and rock mixture [J]. Géotechnique Letters, 2016, 6(3): 226-233

[20] ZablerS, RackA, MankeI, et al. . High-resolution tomography of cracks, voids and micro-structure in greywacke and limestone [J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2008, 30(7): 876-887

[21] ZengL, BianH-b, ShiZ-n, et al. . Forming condition of transient saturated zone and its distribution in residual slope under rainfall conditions [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2017, 24(8): 1866-1880

[22] MaS-g, HanT-c, XuR-q, et al. . Effects of intense rainfall on stability of infinite terraced slope [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2014, 21(4): 1534-1545

[23] FuH-y, ShiZ-n, QiuX, et al. . Experiments on seepage and deformation characteristics of carbonaceous mudstone-soil layered embankment under inundation conditions [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2017, 30(11): 1-898

[24] FuH-y, YangQ-y, ZengL, et al. . Disintegration mechanism and swelling-consolidation characteristics of saturated disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone [J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2023, 48(4): 4531-4543

[25] XuW-j, YueZ-q, HuR-lin. Study on the mesostructure and mesomechanical characteristics of the soil-rock mixture using digital image processing based finite element method [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2008, 45(5): 749-762

[26] ASTM InternationalD5298-10 Standard test method for measurement of soil potential (suction) using filter paper [S], 2013, West Conshohocken, United States, ASTM International

[27] ShiZ-n, QiS-x, FuH-y, et al. . Study on water content distribution and shallow stability of soil slopes under rainfall infiltration conditions [J]. Rock and soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(3): 980-9881085

[28] QinX-h, LiuD-s, SongQ-h, et al. . Experimental study on one-dimensional vertical infiltration in soil column under rainfall and the derivation of permeability coefficient [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(2): 475-484(in Chinese)

[29] NeumanS P. Theoretical derivation of Darcy’s law [J]. Acta Mechanica, 1977, 25(3): 153-170

[30] LuY, LiuS-h, ZhangY-g, et al. . Exploration of infiltration characteristics test and evolution mechanism of clayey soil-stone mixture [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2021, 42(6): 1540-1548(in Chinese)

[31] TanW-h, DongF-x, MaX-w, et al. . Influence of stone content on seepage characteristics of faulted soil-stone mixtures [J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2022, 39(8): 86-9298

[32] Van GenuchtenM T. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1980, 44(5): 892-898

[33] VanG M, NielsenD R. On describing and predicting the hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils [J]. Annales Geophysicae, 1985, 3(5): 615-628

[34] TianD-l, XieQ, NingY, et al. . Experimental study on infiltration deformation of intermittently graded gravel soil[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(11): 3663-3670(in Chinese)