Ground settlement caused by pipe-roof pre-construction method: Effect of the sequence of jacking pipe groups

Abstract

Based on the Taiyuan Railway Station underpass tunnel project, the influence of construction process of closed pipe-roof pre-construction structures on the ground settlement was investigated. Numerical simulations were used firstly to analyze the ground settlement characteristics caused by three types of different jacking pipe sequences, i. e., from top to bottom, simultaneous construction bottom and top, and bottom to top with nine cases. Numerical simulation results show that the top-down jacking pipe sequence caused the least amount of ground settlement at 12 mm. The largest amount of ground settlement of 25 mm was caused by using the bottom-up jacking pipe sequence. The numerical simulation results were validated by large scale model tests. The results of the model tests agree with the numerical simulation results, with the top-down jacking pipe sequence causing the least ground settlement and the bottom-up jacking pipe sequence causing the most ground settlement. Based on numerical simulation and model tests results, the reasonable jacking pipe sequence was successfully applied in the north tunnel of Taiyuan Railway Station to meet the settlement requirements. The results of the research show that micro soil arches are formed between adjacent jacked pipes in the jacking pipe construction. The micro soil arches between adjacent pipes above the tunnel combine into a large pipe soil arch structure, which can reduce the ground settlement caused by the jacking pipe under the tunnel and on both sides. Therefore, the sequence of jacking pipe considering a pipe soil arch structure can reduce the ground settlement caused by the jacking pipe.

Keywords

pipe-roof pre-construction method / jacking pipe sequence / pipe soil arch structure / ground settlement

References

[1] SunZ-j, LiP-f, DuX, et al. . Experimental study on the effect of single structural plane on the stability of shallow tunnel surrounding rock [J]. Applied Sciences, 2023, 13(3): 1946

[2] HanJ, WangJ, ChengC, et al. . Mechanical response and parametric analysis of a deep excavation structure overlying an existing subway station: A case study of the Beijing subway station expansion [J]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2023, 10: 1079837

[3] HanJ, WangJ, JiaD-f, et al. . Construction technologies and mechanical effects of the pipe-jacking crossing anchor-cable group in soft stratum [J]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2023, 101019801

[4] CuiQ, XuY-s, ShenS, et al. . Field performance of concrete pipes during jacking in cemented sandy silt [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2015, 49336-344

[5] DarlingP. Jacking under Singapore’s busiest street [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1933, 31(1): 19-23

[6] GB 50332-2002. Structural design code for pipelines of water supply and waste water engineering [S]. (in Chinese)

[7] HuangZ, HouY-m, RenY-n, et al. . Environmental effect and control of large diameter EPB shield tunneling below an operating airport [J]. Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2015, 28(6): A4014004

[8] YangL-s, LiuJ, ShuH, et al. . Centrifugal model test on construction process of a super large diameter shield tunnel passing under existing railway [J]. Modern Tunnel Technology, 2021, 584170-177(in Chinese)

[9] LuB, ZhaoW, DuX, et al. . Analysis of ultimate bearing capacity and parameters of steel support cutting pipe roofing structure [J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2022, 2676(4): 348-366

[10] ChengC, YangH, JiaP-j, et al. . Face stability of shallowly buried large-section EPB box jacking crossing the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 138105200

[11] BaiQ, ZhangY, ZhaoW, et al. . Construction of subway station using the small pipe roof-beam method: A case study of Shifu Road Station in Shenyang [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 135105000

[12] LeeW, LeeS, KimR. A study on the damage reinforcement of gallery pipes under the ground subjected to various railway loads [J]. The Korean Society for Railway, 2004, 91144-1149

[13] JiaP-j, ZhaoW, DuX, et al. . Study on ground settlement and structural deformation for large span subway station using a new pre-supporting system [J]. Royal Society Open Science, 2019, 6(2): 181035

[14] JiaP-j, JiangB-f, ZhaoW, et al. . Calculating jacking forces for circular pipes with welding flange slabs from a combined theory and case study [J]. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 2019, 2341586-1599

[15] HemerijckxE. Tubular thrust jacking for underground roof construction on the Antwerp metro part 1 [J]. Tunnels and Tunnelling International, 1983, 15(5): 13-16

[16] HemerijckxE. Tubular thrust jacking for underground roof construction on the Antwerp metro part 2 [J]. Tunnels Tunnelling International, 1983, 15(6): 27-30

[17] KangY-s, LiuQ-s, ChengY, et al. . Combined freeze-sealing and new tubular roof construction methods for seaside urban tunnel in soft ground [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2016, 58: 1-10

[18] ParkI J, KwakC W, KimS W, et al. . Verification and general behaviour of tubular roof & trench method (TR&T) by numerical analysis in Korea [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2006, 21(3–4): 394

[19] KimJ YThe method of building underground structure using the space in the steel pipes injected to the ground. Application of new technology authorization [R], 2003, Seoul Korea, Ministry of Construction and Transportation

[20] ZhangC-z, ZhaoW, LiuS, et al. . Experimental investigation of the flexural mechanism and performance of channel steel tube slab structure under concentrated loads [J]. Advances in Structural Engineering, 2020, 23112471-2485

[21] YangX, LiY-suo. Research of surface settlement for a single arch long-span subway station using the Pipe-roof Pre-construction Method [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2018, 72: 210-217

[22] YangL, LiuJ, ShuH. Centrifugal model test on construction process of a super large diameter shield tunnel passing under existing railway [J]. Modern Tunnel Technology, 2021, 58(4): 170-177

[23] YangX, LiuY, LiY-s, et al. . Research of pipe cutting and support in the pipe-roof pre-construction method [J]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2022, 10: 930764

[24] ZhangP, MaB-s, ZengC, et al. . Key techniques for the largest curved pipe jacking roof to date: A case study of Gongbei tunnel [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2016, 59134-145

[25] WANG Mei, YANG Song-song, DU Jian-an. Ground settlement induced by large diameter jacking-pipe construction in pipe-roof pre-construction method [J]. Eng Sci and Tech, 52(4): 141–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15961/jsuese.201900526.

[26] YangS, WangM, DuJ-a, et al. . Influence of construction sequence of pipe jacking by pipe-roof pre-construction method on ground surface settlement [J]. Journal of Zhejiang Univ (Eng Sci), 2020, 54(9): 1706-1714

[27] YangS-s, ZhangD, WangM, et al. . Ground and tunnel deformation induced by excavation in pipe-roof pre-construction tunnel: A case study [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 131104832

[28] MaP, ShimadaH, SasaokaT, et al. . Investigation on the performance of pipe roof method adjacent to the underground construction [J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2021, 39(6): 4677-4687

[29] TB10001—2005. 10001-2005 Code for design of railway subgrade [S]. (in Chinese)

[30] BaiQ, ZhaoW, CaoW, et al. . Test and numerical simulation of excavation of subway stations using the small pipe-roof-beam method [J]. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2023, 23(4): 04023018

[31] OngD E L, LeungC F, ChowY K. Behavior of pile groups subject to excavation-induced soil movement in very soft clay [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2009, 135101462-1474

[32] SunS-m, MaN, HuJ-b, et al. . Evolution characteristics and mechanism analysis of soil arch of anti-slide pile [J]. Chinese Journal of Railway Engineering, 2019, 36(11): 7-12(in Chinese)

[33] YangS-s, WangM, DuJ-n, et al. . Research of jacking force of densely arranged pipe jacks process in pipe-roof pre-construction method [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2020, 97103277