Effect of cerium addition on cleanliness and magnetic properties of Fe-80Ni permalloy

Abstract

Researchers focus on the magnetic properties of Fe-80Ni alloy (79 wt%–81 wt% Ni). The cleanliness of the alloy influences its magnetic properties. This paper investigated the impact of cerium on the cleanliness and magnetic properties of Fe-80Ni alloy. The mass fraction of cerium ranged from 0 to 0.025%. The O and S contents can be reduced to 0.0008% and 0.0012% respectively when the content of Ce is 0.025%, and the number of inclusions is almost halved compared to blank samples without Ce addition. In addition, the primary inclusions were modified to Ce-containing inclusions (Ce₂O₃, Ce₂O₂S, CeS, and CeO₂) with Ce addition. Compared to the primary aluminosilicate inclusions, the Ce-containing inclusions are resistant to extrusion, elongation, or breakage, while their distribution is more dispersed, resulting in less detrimental effects on the magnetic properties. The magnetic properties of Fe-80Ni alloy are improved with the addition of cerium compared to those without cerium. The coercivity of alloys reduced from 3.67 Oe to 3.58 Oe, while the maximum magnetic susceptibility (χ_max) increased from 0.0173 to 0.0222.

Keywords

permalloy / cerium / cleanliness / inclusion / soft magnetism

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