A review of arsenic reaction behavior in copper smelting process and its disposal techniques

Abstract

As one of the five major toxic elements, the health threat of arsenic to organisms and ecological environment has attracted serious public attention. As one of the important anthropogenic sources of arsenic, non-ferrous smelting, especially copper smelting, should be listed as a key concern. Therefore, clarifying the behavior of arsenic in the copper smelting process is of great significance to the normal production and environmental protection of copper smelting enterprises. This work briefly introduced the industrial copper minerals for smelting, the occurrence form of arsenic in copper ore, and the evolution of copper smelting process. Furthermore, the volatilization, transformation and distribution behavior of arsenic in representative copper smelting processes were analyzed to clarify its flow direction and enrichment law. The interactions between other mineral components (Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Ca, Si) and arsenic during the formation of smelting by-products (copper slag and flue dust) were investigated to elucidate the formation mechanism of arsenic pollutants. Finally, the control technologies for arsenic in smelting flue gas, flue dust and copper slag were analyzed to propose a possible future strategy to recover arsenic by converting arsenic pollutants to metallic arsenic.

Keywords

arsenic / copper smelting / heavy metal pollution / transformation / disposal technique

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