Numerical study on optimal structural parameters of train wind barrier based on orthogonal design

Abstract

Wind barriers have attracted significant attention as an effective measure to ensure train safety under crosswinds. However, in past decades, the influence of structural parameters such as the height and ventilation ratio of wind barriers on the difference of the average pressure coefficient between the train windward and leeward surface (ΔCp) has not been fully investigated. To determine the influence of the interaction among the three factors, namely the wind barrier height (H), ventilation ratio (R), and distance to the train (D), twenty five numerical simulation cases with different structural parameters were considered based on an orthogonal design. The shear stress transfer (SST) k-ω turbulent model was employed to calculate the wind pressure coefficients, and the calculation accuracy was validated by using wind tunnel experiments. The results indicated that with an increase in R, ΔCp first decreased and then increased, and ΔCp decreased while D increased. Moreover, with the increase in H, ΔCp first increased and then decreased. Therefore, these three factors must be considered during the installation of wind barriers. Furthermore, according to a range analysis (judging the relative importance of the three factors intuitively), the three factors were ranked in the following order: R>H>D. Based on a variance analysis, R was found to be of high significance to ΔCp, followed by H, which was significant, whereas D had relatively insignificant influence. Finally, the optimal values of R and H were determined to be 20% and 110 mm, respectively. And when R=40%, H=85 mm, the train was relatively unsafe under these such conditions. The findings of this study provide significant guidance for the structural design of wind barriers.

Keywords

wind barrier / ventilation ratio / height / numerical simulation / orthogonal design

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