Model tests on uplift capacity of double-belled pile influenced by distance between bells

Abstract

To optimize the distance between the bells in pile design, this paper reports a series of small scale tests on the uplift capacity of double belled piles embedded in dry dense sand considering different bell space ratios. Finite element modelling is also performed to evaluate the range of soil failure around the piles during pile uplift displacement. Test results show that when bell space ratio is 6 or 8, the uplift capacity reaches the peak value. The upper bell bears more load than the lower one for the piles with bell space ratio less than 6, while the lower bell bears more load than the upper one for the piles with bell space ratio larger than 8.

Keywords

doubled-belled pile / optimized distance / uplift bearing capacity / model test / sand foundation

References

[1] DickinE A, LeungC F. The influence of foundation geometry on the uplift behaviour of piles with enlarged bases [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1992, 29(3): 498-505

[2] DasB M, SeeleyG R. Uplift capacity of buried model piles in sand [J]. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 1975, 101(10): 1091-1094

[3] ChattopadhyayB, PiseP J. Discussion of test of model tension piles [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1987, 113(2): 177-178

[4] ChattopadhyayB C, PiseP J. Uplift capacity of piles in sand [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1986, 112(9): 888-904

[5] DickinE A. Uplift behavior of horizontal anchor plates in sand [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1988, 114(11): 1300-1317

[6] GeddesJ D, MurrayE J. Plate anchor groups pulled vertically in sand [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1996, 122(7): 509-516

[7] IlamparuthiK, MuthukrishnaiahK. Anchors in sand bed: Delineation of rupture surface [J]. Ocean Engineering, 1999, 26(12): 1249-1273

[8] IlamparuthiK, DickinE A, MuthukrisnaiahK. Experimental investigation of the uplift behaviour of circular plate anchors embedded in sand [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2002, 39(3): 648-664

[9] SahooJ P, KhuntiaS. Lower bound solutions for uplift capacity of strip anchors adjacent to sloping ground in clay [J]. Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 2018, 36(4): 405-416

[10] NazirR, MoayediH, PratiksoA, et al.. The uplift load capacity of an enlarged base pier embedded in dry sand [J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2015, 8(9): 7285-7296

[11] LiG, ZhangJ, LiuJ. Study on the uplift bearing capacity of belled piles [J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, 376(1): 012004

[12] Amaresha, RajeshK S, RajuK V S B. Lateral resistance of belled pile embedded in sand [J]. Advances in Offshore Geotechnics, 2020, 92: 377-392

[13] XU Jian, REN Jian-wei, WANG Song-he, et al. Axial uplift behaviour of belled piers in coarse-grained saline soils [J]. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2018: 4735423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4735423.

[14] LinJ G, HsuS Y, LinS S. The new method to evaluate the uplift capacity of belled piles in sandy soil [J]. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2015, 23(4): 523-533

[15] TienB D, MoayediH, AbdullahiM M, et al.. Prediction of pullout behavior of belled piles through various machine learning modelling techniques [J]. Sensors, 2019, 19(17): 3678

[16] SakajoS, SakaiTMechanism of uplift bearing capacity of belled pile in diluvial sand [M], 1997, Oxford, Pergamon Press

[17] SegoD C, BiggarK W, WongG. Enlarged base (belled) piles for use in ice or ice-rich permafrost [J]. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 2003, 17268-88

[18] YuM, LiuB, WangQ, et al.. Study on bearing capacity of belled uplift piles in soft clay area [J]. Indian Geotechnical Journal, 2020, 50(5): 848-858

[19] YANG Bai, MA Jian-lin, CHEN Wen-long, et al. Uplift behavior of belled short piles in weathered sandstone [J]. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2018: 8614172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8614172.

[20] KongG. Performances of compressive capacity for belled wedge pile group [J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2011, 261–2631084-1088

[21] HAMA K, HORII Y, NAKANISHI Y, et al. Field trials of large-diameter multi-belled piling method [C]//Geotechnics for Sustainable Infrastructure Development, 2020: 161–168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2184-3_20.

[22] MurphyG, DohertyP, CadoganD, et al.. Field experiments on instrumented winged monopiles [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers — Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 169(3): 227-239

[23] HondaT, HiraiY, SatoE. Uplift capacity of belled and multi-belled piles in dense sand [J]. Soils and Foundations, 2011, 51(3): 483-496

[24] MoayediH, MosallanezhadM. Uplift resistance of belled and multi-belled piles in loose sand [J]. Measurement, 2017, 109: 346-353

[25] GarnierJ, KönigDScale effects in piles and nails loading tests in sand [C], 1998, Netherlands, A. A. Balkema, Brookfield, 205210

[26] RobinskyE I, MorrisonC F. Sand displacement and compaction around model friction piles [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1964, 1(2): 81-93

[27] CookR W, PriceGStrain and displacements around friction pile [C], 1973, Moscow, Building Research Station, 5360

[28] MaX F, KongL G, FangW, et al.. Parallel tests on preparation of sample with sand pourer [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(10): 1791-1801

[29] LiH, LuoQ, ZhangZ, et al.. Experimental study on control element of sand pourer preparation of sand foundation model [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(10): 1872-1878

[30] GadeV K, DasakaS M. Development of a mechanized traveling pluviator to prepare reconstituted uniform sand specimens [J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2016, 28(2): 04015117

[31] HsuS T, LiaoH J. Uplift behaviour of cylindrical anchors in sand [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1998, 35170-80

[32] IlamparuthiK, DickinE A. The influence of soil reinforcement on the uplift behaviour of belled piles embedded in sand [J]. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2001, 19(1): 1-22

[33] HongW P, ChimN. Prediction of uplift capacity of a micropile embedded in soil [J]. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 2015, 19(1): 116-126

[34] WangX J, WuJ B, WangW D. Unified approach to estimate ultimate bearing capacity of uplift piles with enlarged base [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 33(1): 63-69