Effects of sintering temperature and holding time on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti−1Al−8V−5Fe prepared by spark plasma sintering

Abstract

Ti185 alloy is widely used in key industrial fields such as aerospace due to its excellent mechanical properties. The traditional method of preparing Ti185 alloy will inevitably appear “β fleck”, resulting in the decrease of mechanical properties, and the high price of V element limits the wide application of Ti185. In this paper, a low-cost master alloy V-Fe powder is used, a dense block is prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology, and a high-performance Ti185 alloy is prepared by controlling the sintering parameters. XRD and SEM were used to investigate the phase and microstructure of the samples prepared under different parameters. The compressive strength and friction properties of the directly prepared samples were studied. The samples with a sintering temperature of 1350 °C and a holding time of 30 min exhibited the most excellent comprehensive performance, with the highest compressive strength and lowest friction coefficient of 1931.59 MPa and 0.47, respectively.

Keywords

spark plasma sintering / Ti185 alloy / microstructure / mechanical properties

References

[1] FuJ, BrouwerJ C, RichardsonI M, HermansM J M. Effect of mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ODS Eurofer [J]. Materials & Design, 2019, 177: 107849

[2] GanH, WangC-b, ShenQ, ZhangL-meng. Preparation of La₂NiMnO₆ double-perovskite ceramics by plasma activated sintering [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(5): 541

[3] PeigneyA. Tougher ceramics with nanotubes [J]. Nature Materials, 2003, 2115-16

[4] TanZ, WangL, XueY-f, ZhangP, CaoT-q, ChengX-wang. High-entropy alloy particle reinforced Al-based amorphous alloy composite with ultrahigh strength prepared by spark plasma sintering [J]. Materials & Design, 2016, 109219-226

[5] OkuniT, MiyamotoY, AbeH, NaitoM. Joining of AlN and graphite disks using interlayer tapes by spark plasma sintering [J]. Materials & Design, 2014, 54: 755-759

[6] SivakandhanC, MunusamyP, AnandanK, BalajiR, VairamuthuJ. Parametric optimization of Al7068 metal matrix using spark plasma sintering process [J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020, 33: 4605-4607

[7] KimG, AhnJ, AhnS. Grain growth and densification of uranium mononitride during spark plasma sintering [J]. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(5): 7258-7262

[8] LiuK, WangW, LiuQ, SongL, GuoY-w, YeF. Photostriction properties of PLZT (4/52/48) ceramics sintered by SPS [J]. Ceramics International, 2019, 45(2): 2097-2102

[9] HuZ-y, ZhangZ-h, ChengX-w, WangF-c, ZhangY-f, LiS-lin. A review of multi-physical fields induced phenomena and effects in spark plasma sintering: Fundamentals and applications [J]. Materials & Design, 2020, 191: 108662

[10] MavrosN, LarimianT, EsqivelJ, GuptaR K, ContieriR, BorkarT. Spark plasma sintering of low modulus titanium-niobium-tantalum-zirconium (TNTZ) alloy for biomedical applications [J]. Materials & Design, 2019, 183108163

[11] LiangH, ZhaoD-l, FengX-b, MaL, DengX-y, HanC-j, WeiQ-s, YangC. 3D-printed porous titanium scaffolds incorporating niobium for high bone regeneration capacity [J]. Materials & Design, 2020, 194108890

[12] NaydenkinE V, MishinI P, RatochkaI V, LykovaO N, ZabudchenkoO V. The effect of alpha-case formation on plastic deformation and fracture of near β titanium alloy [J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2020, 769138495

[13] DekhtyarA I, BondarchukV I, NevdachaV V, KotkoA V. The effect of microstructure on porosity healing mechanism of powder near-β titanium alloys under hot isostatic pressing in α+β-region: Ti−10V−2Fe−3Al [J]. Materials Characterization, 2020, 165110393

[14] SongB, ChenY, XiaoW-l, ZhouL, MaC-li. Formation of intermediate phases and their influences on the microstructure of high strength near-β titanium alloy [J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2020, 793139886

[15] PengY, ZhuQ-q, LuoT, CaoJ-xian. Enhancement of the tensile strength by introducing alloy element Fe for Ti based alloy [J]. Solid State Communications, 2020, 318113982

[16] FerreroJ G. The effect of processing and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of Ti−1Al−8V−5Fe [C]. Xi’an Interantional Titanium Conference, 2005, Xi’an, The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 209-212

[17] BanerjeeD, WilliamsJ C. Perspectives on titanium science and technology [J]. Acta Materialia, 2013, 61(3): 844-879

[18] AziziH, ZurobH, BoseB, RezaG S, WangX, CoulsonS, DuzV, PhillionA B. Additive manufacturing of a novel Ti−Al−V−Fe alloy using selective laser melting [J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2018, 21: 529-535

[19] LiY-y, YangC, LiX-q, ChenY. Fabrication of Ti-based composites based on bulk amorphous alloys by spark plasma sintering and crystallization of amorphous phase [J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2011, 21(10): 2305-2323(in Chinese)

[20] LiX-q, HuL-x, WangE-de. Mechanical alloying of Ti/Al binary powders [J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2001, 11(1): 55-58(in Chinese)

[21] LiuX-w, ZhangZ-l, SunR, LiuF-c, FanZ-t, NiuH-zhi. Microstructure and mechanical properties of beta TiAl alloys elaborated by spark plasma sintering [J]. Intermetallics, 2014, 55: 177-183

[22] ZhuW-g, LeiJ, TanC-s, SunQ-y, ChenW, XiaoL, SunJ. A novel high-strength β-Ti alloy with hierarchical distribution of α-phase: The superior combination of strength and ductility [J]. Materials & Design, 2019, 168: 107640

[23] LiangZ, MiaoJ-s, BrownT, SachdevA K, WilliamsJ C, LuoA A. A low-cost and high-strength Ti−Al−Fe-based cast titanium alloy for structural applications [J]. Scripta Materialia, 2018, 157124-128

[24] SinhaV, SchwarzR B, MillsM J, WilliamsJ C. Effects of hydrogen on fatigue behavior of near-alpha titanium alloys [J]. Scripta Materialia, 2018, 153: 81-85

[25] JoshiV V, LavenderC, MoxonV, DuzV, NybergE, WeilK S. Development of Ti−6Al−4V and Ti−1Al−8V−5Fe alloys using low-cost TiH₂ powder feedstock [J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2013, 22(4): 995-1003

[26] LiW-j, ZengF-h, LiL, WangZ-w, LiuH-h, PengY-r, GuY. Spark plasma sintering of Ti: 1Al: 8V: 5Fe alloy: Densification mechanism and grain growth [J]. Applied Physics A, 2020, 1269709