Micro-failure process and failure mechanism of brittle rock under uniaxial compression using continuous real-time wave velocity measurement

Abstract

In this study, the micro-failure process and failure mechanism of a typical brittle rock under uniaxial compression are investigated via continuous real-time measurement of wave velocities. The experimental results indicate that the evolutions of wave velocities became progressively anisotropic under uniaxial loading due to the direction-dependent development of micro-damage. A wave velocity model considering the inner anisotropic crack evolution is proposed to accurately describe the variations of wave velocities during uniaxial compression testing. Based on which, the effective elastic parameters are inferred by a transverse isotropic constitutive model, and the evolutions of the crack density are inversed using a self-consistent damage model. It is found that the propagation of axial cracks dominates the failure process of brittle rock under uniaxial loading and oblique shear cracks develop with the appearance of macrocrack.

Keywords

elastic wave velocity / brittle rock failure / uniaxial compression test / continuous real-time measurement / anisotropic damage evolution / theory and modelling

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