Surface water quality and potential health risk assessments in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River, China

Abstract

The Changsha-Xiangtan-Zhuzhou City Group is a heavy industrial district and accepted as the serious pollution area in the Xiangjiang River basin. In this study, 7 metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, As, Zn, Cu and Se) and the river water quality parameters including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), Escherichia coli (E. coli), potassium permanganate index (COD_Mn), dichromate oxidizability (COD_Cr), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and fluoride (F⁻) in 18 sampling sites of the Changsha-Xiangtan-Zhuzhou section are monthly monitored in 2016, which is the year to step into the second stage of the “Xiangjiang River Heavy Metal Pollution Control Implementation Plan”. It is found that E. coli, TN and TP are the main pollutants in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan section, and the pollution of heavy metal is not serious but As with potential risk to local people especially children should be concerned. In addition, Xiangtan city is mainly featured with heavy metal pollution, while Zhuzhou and Changsha city are both featured with other pollutants from municipal domestic sewage.

Keywords

Xiangjiang River / surface water / heavy metal / water quality assessment / human health risk assessment

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