Effects of basicity and temperature on mineralogy and reduction behaviors of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite sinters

Abstract

The effects of basicity and temperature on the reduction process of Hongge high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite (HCVTM) sinter were investigated in this work. The main characterization methods of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and metallographic microscope were employed in this study. In this work, the reduction of HCVTM sinter with different temperature and basicity were experimented. The Fe, FeO, and TiO in reductive samples increase with increasing basicity and temperatures. The increase of basicity and temperature is favorable to the reduction of HCVTM sinter. The Fe phase has out-migration tendency to the surface of sinter while the perovskite and silicate phases have in-migration tendency to the inside of sinter. The reduction degradation index (RDI) decreases while the reduction index (RI) increases with increasing basicity. The RI increases from 67.14% to 82.09% with increasing temperature from 1073 K to 1373 K.

Keywords

basicity / high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite / sintering pot test / mineralogy / reduction behavior

References

[1] ChengG-j, GaoZ-x, LvM-y, YangH, XueX-xin. Coal-based reduction and magnetic separation behavior of low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets [J]. Minerals, 2017, 7(6): 86-99

[2] LuC-y, ZouX-l, LuX-g, XieX-l, ZhengK, XiaoW, ChengH-w, LiG-shi. Reductive kinetics of panzhihua ilmenite with hydrogen [J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2016, 26(12): 3266-3273

[3] ChengG-j, XueX-x, GaoZ-x, JiangT, YangH, DuanP-ning. Effect of Cr2O3 on the reduction and smelting mechanism of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets [J]. ISIJ International, 2016, 56(11): 1938-1947

[4] LiW, FuG-q, ChuM-s, ZhuM-yong. Non-isothermal reduction behavior and mechanism of hongge vanadium titanomagnetite pellet with simulated shaft furnace gases [J]. ISIJ International, 2018, 58(3): 415-421

[5] ChengG-j, GaoZ-x, YangH, XueX-xin. Effect of calcium oxide on the crushing strength, reduction, and smelting performance of high-chromium vanadium–titanium magnetite pellets [J]. Metals, 2017, 7(6): 181

[6] ChengG-j, XueX-x, JiangT, DuanP-ning. Effect of TiO₂ on the crushing strength and smelting mechanism of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 4731713-1726

[7] YangS-t, TangW-d, ZhouM, JiangT, XueX-x, ZhangW-jun. Effects of dolomite on mineral compositions and metallurgical properties of chromium-bearing vanadium-titanium magnetite sinter [J]. Minerals, 2017, 7(11): 210-224

[8] YangS-t, ZhouM, TangW-d, JiangT, XueX-x, ZhangW-jun. Influence of coke ratio on the sintering behavior of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite [J]. Minerals, 2017, 7(7): 107-120

[9] YangS-t, ZhouM, JiangT, XueX-xin. Isothermal reduction kinetics and mineral phase of chromium-bearing vanadium–titanium sinter reduced with CO gas at 873–1273 K [J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2018, 25(2): 145-152

[10] ChengG-j, GaoZ-x, YangH, XueX-xin. Effect of diboron trioxide on the crushing strength and smelting mechanism of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets [J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2017, 24(11): 1228-1240

[11] GanM, JiZ-y, FanX-h, LvW, ZhengR-y, ChenX-l, LiuS, JiangTao. Preparing high-strength titanium pellets for ironmaking as furnace protector: Optimum route for ilmenite oxidation and consolidation [J]. Powder Technology, 2018, 333: 385-393

[12] GanM, JiZ-y, FanX-h, ChenX-l, ZhengR-y, GaoL, WangG-j, JiangTao. Value-added utilization of waste silica powder into high-quality chromite pellets preparation process [J]. Powder Technology, 2018, 328: 122-129

[13] Ganm, FanX-h, ChenX-l, JiZ-yun. High temperature mineralization behavior of mixtures during iron ore sintering and optimizing methods [J]. ISIJ international, 2015, 55(4): 742-750

[14] TangW-d, YangS-t, ChengG-j, GaoZ-x, YangH, XueX-xin. Effect of TiO2 on the sintering behavior of chromium-bearing vanadium- titanium magnetite [J]. Minerals, 2018, 8(7): 263-275

[15] YangS-t, ZhouM, JiangT, XueX-x, ZhangW-jun. Effect of basicity on sintering behavior of low-titanium vanadium–titanium magnetite [J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2015, 25(6): 2087-2094

[16] JiangT, WangS, GuoY-f, ChenF, ZhengF-qiang. Effects of basicity and MgO in slag on the behaviors of smelting vanadium titanomagnetite in the direct reduction-electric furnace process [J]. Metals, 2016, 6(5): 107-121

[17] PimentaH P, SeshadriV. Characterisation of structure of iron ore sinter and its behaviour during reduction at low temperatures [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2002, 29(3): 169-174

[18] PimentaH P, SeshadriV. Influence of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ degradation behaviour of sinter and hematite at low temperatures on reduction [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2002, 29(3): 175-179

[19] MatsunoF, HaradaT. Changes of mineral phases during the sintering of iron ore-lime stone systems [J]. Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 1981, 21(5): 318-325

[20] LooC E, LeungW. Factors Influencing the bonding phase structure of iron ore sinters [J]. ISIJ International, 2003, 43(9): 1393-1402

[21] HsiehL H, JaW. Effect of raw material composition on the mineral phases in lime-fluxed iron ore sinter [J]. ISIJ International, 1993, 33(4): 462-473

[22] FuW-g, WenY-c, XieH-en. Development of intensified technologies of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite smelting [J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, 2011, 18(4): 7-18

[23] UmadeviT, NelsonK, MahapatraP C, PrabhuM, RanjanM. Influence of magnesia on iron ore sinter properties and productivity [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2009, 36(7): 515-520

[24] Abdel HalimK S, BahgatM, El-KeleshH A. Metallic iron whisker formation and growth during iron oxide reduction: basicity effect [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2009, 36(8): 631-640

[25] El-GeassyA A, NasrM I, KhedrM H, Abdel-HalimS. Reduction behaviour of iron ore fluxed pellets under load at 1023–1273 K [J]. ISIJ International, 2004, 44(3): 462-469

[26] LvX-w, BaiC-g, HeS-p, HuangQ-yun. Mineral change of Philippine and Indonesia nickel lateritic ore during sintering and mineralogy of their sinter [J]. ISIJ International, 2010, 50(3): 380-385

[27] TangJ, ChuM-s, XueX-xin. Optimized use of MgO flux in the agglomeration of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite [J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2015, 22(4): 371-380

[28] AnderssonS, CollenB, KuylenstiernaU, MagneliA. Phase analysis studies on the titanium-oxygen system [J]. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1957, 11(10): 1641-1652

[29] SchlenderP, AdamA E W. Combined carboreduction–iodination reaction of TiO2 and FeTiO3 as the basic step toward a shortened titanium production process [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2017, 56(23): 6572-6578

[30] NechkinG A, KobelevV A, ChernavinA Y, ChernavinD A. Effect of oxides of magnesium and manganese and the basicity of the iron-ore-bearing materials on the ability of the smelting products to filter through the coke column in blast furnaces [J]. Metallurgist, 2016, 59(1112): 1035-1039

[31] ChanadeeT. Experimental studies on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of Si-SiC composite from reactants of SiO2 derived from corn cob ash/C/Mg [J]. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 2017, 53(1): 245-252

[32] MousaE A. Effect of basicity on wüstite sinter reducibility under simulated blast furnace conditions [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2013, 41(6): 418-429

[33] BristowN J, LooC E. Sintering properties of iron ore mixes containing titanium [J]. ISIJ international, 1992, 32(7): 819-828

[34] CloutJ M F, ManuelJ R. Fundamental investigations of differences in bonding mechanisms in iron ore sinter formed from magnetite concentrates and hematite ores [J]. Powder Technology, 2003, 130(1–3): 393-399

[35] PanigrahyS, VerstraetenP, DilewijnsJ. Influence of MgO addition on mineralogy of iron ore sinter [J]. Metallurgical Transactions B, 1984, 15(1): 23-32

[36] MousaE, SenkD, BabichA, GugenauH W. Influence of nut coke on iron ore sinter reducibility under simulated blast furnace conditions [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2010, 37(3): 219-228

[37] HessienM, KashiwayaY, IshiiK, NasrM I. Sintering and heating reduction processes of alumina containing iron ore samples [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2008, 35(3): 191-204