Leaching of vanadium and chromium from converter vanadium slag intensified with surface wettability

Abstract

Technology intensified with surface wettability was introduced to leach vanadium and chromium from converter vanadium slag without roasting. Parameters affecting the leaching efficiency of vanadium and chromium were investigated: sulfuric acid concentration, MnO₂-to-slag mass ratio, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching time, leaching temperature, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-to-slag mass ratio. The leaching efficiencies of vanadium and chromium were 33.46 % and 20.02 % higher in the presence of MnO₂ and SDS, respectively, compared to the control. The leaching efficiencies of vanadium and chromium were 68.93 % and 30.74 %, respectively, under the optimum conditions: sulfuric acid concentration 40 wt%, MnO₂-to-slag mass ratio 10.0 wt%, liquid-to-solid ratio 5:1 mL/g; 12 h; 90 °C; and SDS-to-slag mass ratio 0.25 wt%. The analysis of the reaction mechanism in the leaching process indicates that MnO₂ combined with protons (H⁺) could oxidize low-valent vanadium and chromium; SDS could change the chemical behavior and decrease the surface tension of the aqueous solution to favor MnO₂ oxidization.

Keywords

vanadium / chromium / leaching / surfactant / MnO₂

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