Characterization of a newly isolated Bacterium Pandoraea sp. B-6 capable of degrading kraft lignin

Abstract

A newly isolated bacterium was screened out for its survival on medium with 6 000 mg/L kraft lignin as the sole carbon source and energy, and identified as Pandoraea sp. by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The biodegradation experiment was carried out in mineral salt medium, containing 5 000 mg/L kraft lignin as only carbon and energy at pH 8.0 and 30 °C. Under these conditions, significant reduction in color and lignin content by the strain was observed after incubation for 5 d. The strain attains maximum reduction capability in color (44.6%) and lignin content (39.9%) within 5 d of incubation, and reduced chemical oxygen demand(COD) from initial concentration 7 399 to 3 980 mg/L at maximum reduction level of 46.2% on the 4th day. The total ion chromatograph (TIC) of compounds presented in the chloroform extract of control and bacterial treated samples shows the formation of several lignin-related aromatic compounds including some small molecular lignin fragments, indicating a strong destruction in the lignin structure.

Keywords

kraft lignin / Pandoraea sp. / biodegradation / gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry / relative molecular mass distribution

References

[1] HatakeyamH, HatakeyamT. Lignin structure, properties, and applications [J]. Advanced in Polymer Science, 2010, 232: 1-63

[2] YamagishiK, ToshiyukiK, OisaS, SugiuraT, HiraiH. Transformation by complementation of a uracil auxotroph of the hyper lignin-degrading basidiomycete Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 [J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2007, 76(5): 1079-1091

[3] ChandraR, RajA, PurtohitH, KapleyA. Characterization and optimization of three potential aerobic bacterial strains for kraft lignin degradation from pulp paper waste [J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 67(4): 839-846

[4] AhmadM, TaylorC R, MarkA, CharlesR, Taylor, DavidP, KerryB, DanielE, GaryD. Development of novel assays for lignin degradation: comparative analysis of bacterial and fungal lignin degraders [J]. Mol Biosystems, 2010, 6(5): 815-821

[5] BayerbachR, DietrichM. Characterization of the water-insoluble fraction from fast pyrolysis liquid (pyrolytic lignin). Part IV: Structure elucidation of oligomeric molecules [J]. Journal of Anlytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2009, 85(1/2): 98-107

[6] ChaiL-y, ChenY-h, HuangY, YangZ-hui. Diversity of culturable microorganisms from erosive bamboo slips of Kingdom Wu [J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology, 2010, 41(5): 1675-1679

[7] GuptaV K, MinochaA K, NeerajJ. Batch and continuous studies on treatment of pulp mill wastewater by Aeromonas formicans [J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2001, 76(6): 547-552

[8] ShintainN, SuganoY, ShodaM. Decolorization of kraft pulp bleaching effluent by a newly isolated fungus, Geotrichum candidum Dec 1 [J]. The Japan Wood Research Society, 2002, 48(5): 402-408

[9] ChatzisymeonE, NikolaosP, Xekoukoulotais, DionissiosM. Determination of key operating conditions for the photocatalytic treatment of olive mill wastewaters [J]. Catalysis Today, 2009, 144(1/2): 143-148

[10] RaghukumarC, ChandramohanD, MichelF C, ErddC A. Degradation of lignin and decolorization of paper mill bleach plant effluent (BPE) by marine fungi [J]. Biotechnology Letters, 1996, 18(1): 105-106

[11] ChandraR, RajA, SangeetaY, DevendraKp. Reduction of pollutants in pulp paper mill effluent treated by PCP-degrading bacterial strains [J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2009, 155(1–4): 1-11

[12] RajA, ReddyM M, ChandraR. Decolourisation and treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent by lignin-degrading Bacillus sp [J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2007, 82(4): 399-406

[13] ShinmadaM, HiguchiTMicrobial, enzymatic, and biomimetic degradation of lignin [M], 1991New YorkWood and Cellulosic Chemistry557-619

[14] PengX, EgashiraT, HanashiroK, MasaiE, NishikawaS, KatayamaY, KimbaraK, FukudaM. Cloning of a Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6 gene encoding a novel oxygenase that cleaves lignin-related biphenyl and characterization of the enzyme [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998, 64(7): 2520-2527

[15] RütimannaC, SeelenfreundD, VicuñaR. Metabolism of low molecular weight lignin-related compounds by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A [J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 1987, 9(9): 526-530

[16] MathewS, AbrahamT E. Ferulic acid: An antioxidant found naturally in plant cell walls and feruloyl esterases involved in its release and their applications [J]. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2004, 24(2/3): 59-83