Sintering, crystallization and dielectric properties of CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system glass ceramics

Abstract

CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ (CBS) glass powders are prepared by conventional glass melting method at different melting temperatures, whose properties and microstructures are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that there are SiO₂ and some unknown phases in CBS glass melting liquid from 1 300 °C to 1 500 °C and the amount of these phases decreases with the increase of the melting temperature. The CBS glass melted at 1 450 °C could be sintered from 830 °C to 930 °C and the bulk densities of the samples are all higher than 2.4 g/cm³. From the points of the properties and energy conservation, the melting temperature of 1 450 °C is the optimal melting temperature. The glass ceramic sintered at 850 °C exhibits better dielectric properties: ɛ_r=6.33, tan δ=2.2×10⁻³ at 10 GHz, and the major phases of the samples are CaSiO₃, CaB₂O₄ and SiO₂.

Keywords

glass ceramics / CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ / sintering / dielectric properties / microstructure

References

[1] BienertC., RoosenA.. Characterization and improvement of LTCC composite materials for application at elevated temperatures [J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2010, 30: 369-374

[2] BittnerA., SchmidU.. Permittivity of LTCC substrates porousified with a wet chemical etching process [J]. Procedia Engineering, 2010, 5: 327-330

[3] ZhuH.-k., LiuM., ZhouH.-q., LiL.-q., LüA.-guo.. Preparation and properties of low-temperature co-fired ceramic of CaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ system [J]. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2006, 17: 637-641

[4] ChangC. R., JeanJ. H.. Crystallization kinetics and mechanism of low dielectric, low temperature cofirable CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass ceramics [J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1999, 82: 1725-1732

[5] ZhuH.-k., LiuM., ZhouH.-q., LiL.-q., LvA.-guo.. Study on properties of CaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ system glass-ceramic [J]. Materials Research Bulletin, 2007, 42: 1137-1144

[6] WangS.-h., ZhouH.-p., LuoL.-hong.. Sintering and crystallization of cordierite glass ceramics for high frequency multilayer chip inductors [J]. Materials Research Bulletin, 2003, 38: 1367-1374

[7] ChangM. W., LyooS. H., ChooH. S., LeeJ. M.. Properties of glasses based on the CaO-MgO-SiO₂ system for low-temperature co-fired ceramic [J]. Ceramics International, 2009, 35: 2513-2515

[8] AlekseevaI., DymshitsO., TsenterM., ZhilinA.. Influence of various alkali and divalent metal oxides on phase transformations in NiO-doped glasses of the Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-TiO₂ system [J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2011, 357: 2209-2214

[9] HeF., NiuF., LouG.-hui.. Influence of ZrO₂ on sintering and crystallization of CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ glass ceramics [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2005, 12: 511-514

[10] ShaoH.-b., WangT.-w., ZhangQ.-tu.. Preparation and properties of CaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ glass-ceramic at low temperature [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 484: 2-5

[11] ZhuH.-k., ZhouH.-q., LiuM., WeiP.-f., NingGe.. Low temperature sintering and properties of CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system glass ceramics for LTCC applications [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 482: 272-275

[12] PalD., ChakrabortyA. K., SenS.. The synthesis, characterization and sintering of sol-gel derived cordierite ceramics for electronic applications [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 1996, 31: 3995-4005

[13] XiuT. P., LiuQ., WangJ. C.. Comparisons between surfactant-templated mesoporous and conventional sol-gel-derived CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glasses: Compositional, textural and in vitro bioactive properties [J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2008, 181: 863-870

[14] NingH.-y., ZhangS.-r., ZhouX.-hua.. Research on preparation and properties of CaBSi glass for LTCC substrate [J]. Electronic Components and Materials, 2006, 25: 66-69

[15] ChiangC. C., WangS. F., WangY. R., WeiW. C. J.. Densification and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system glass-ceramics [J]. Ceramic International, 2008, 34: 599-604

[16] WangS. H., ZhouH. P.. Densification and dielectric properties of CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system glass ceramics [J]. Materials Science and Engineering B, 2003, 99: 597-600

[17] XuG.-jun.Glass-forming and composition analysis of calcium borosilicate system low temperature sintered material [D], 2009NanjingNanjing University of Technology42-45

[18] GlendenningM. D., LeeW. E.. Microstructure development on crystallizing hot-pressed pellets of cordierite melt-derived glass containing B₂O₃ and P₂O₅ [J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1996, 79: 705-713

[19] ChangY. L., HsiangH. I., LiangM. T.. Characterizations of Eu, Dy co-doped SrAl₂O₄ phosphors prepared by the solid-state reaction with B₂O₃ addition [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2008, 461: 598-603

[20] ChenY.-C., ChangY.-Hung.. Dielectric properties of B₂O₃-doped La(Mg_0.5Sn_0.5)O₃ ceramics at microwave frequencies [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 477: 450-453