Extraction of nickel from molybdenum leaching residue of metalliferous black shale by segregation roasting and acid leaching

Abstract

The recovery of nickel from molybdenum leach residue by the process of segregation roasting-sulfuric acid leaching-solvent extraction was investigated. The residue was characterized by microscopic investigations, using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) techniques and the residue after segregation roasting was characterized by chemical phase analysis method. A series of experiments were conducted to examine the mass ratio of activated carbon (AC) to the residue, segregation roasting time and temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching time, leaching temperature, addition amount of 30% H₂O₂, stirring speed (a constant) on the leaching efficiency of nickel. A maximum nickel leaching efficiency of 90.5% is achieved with the mass ratio of AC to the residue of 1:2.5, segregation roasting time of 2 h, segregation roasting temperature of 850 °C, sulfuric acid concentration of 4.5 mol/L, liquid-to-solid ratio of 6:1, leaching time of 5 h, leaching temperature of 80 °C, addition of 30% H₂O₂ of 0.6 mL for 1 g dry residue. Under these optimized conditions, the average leaching efficiency of nickel is 89.3%. The nickel extraction efficiency in the examined conditions is about 99.6%, and the nickel stripping efficiency in the examined conditions is about 99.2%.

Keywords

metalliferous black shale / segregation roasting / nickel leaching / PC-88A / solvent extraction

References

[1] FAN De-lian, YANG Xiu-zhen, WANG Lian-fang, CHEN Nan-sheng. Petrological and geochemical characteristics of a nickelmolybdenum-multi-element-bearing Lower Cambrian black shale from a certain district in South China [J]. Geochimica, 1973(3): 143–164. (in Chinese)

[2] LiY.-yu.. Geochemistry of Ni-Mo polymetallic exhalation sediment ore deposit in Northwestern Hunan [J]. Geochimica, 1997, 26(3): 89-96

[3] KribekB., SykorovaI., PasavaJ., MachovicV.. Organic geochemistry and petrology of barren and Mo-Ni-PGE mineralized marine black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation (Southern China) [J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2007, 72(3/4): 240-256

[4] SteinerM., WallisE., ErdtmannB. D., ZhaoY.-l., YangR.-dong.. Submarine-hydrothermal exhalative ore layer sin black shales from South China and associated fossils-insights into a Lower Cambrianfacies and bio-evolution [J]. PALA Eos, 2001, 169(3/4): 165-191

[5] MaoJ.-w., LehmannB., DuA.-d., ZhangG.-d., MaD.-s., WangY.-t., ZengM.-g., KerrichR.. Re-Os dating of polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au mineralization in Lower Cambrian black shales of South China and its geological significance [J]. Economic Geology, 2002, 97(5): 1051-1061

[6] OrbergerB., VymazalováA., WagnerC., FialinM., GallienJ. P., WirthR., PašavaJ., MontagnacG.. Biogenic origin of intergrown Mo-sulphide- and carbonaceous matter in Lower Cambrian black shales (Zunyi Formation, Southern China) [J]. Chem Geol, 2007, 238(3/4): 213-231

[7] PiG.-h., XuH., ChenB.-z., ShiX.-c., LiJ.-li.. Study on recovering molybdenum from rocky-select Ni-Mo ores [J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals, 2007, 23(1): 9-12

[8] CaronM. H.. Ammonia leaching of nickel and cobalt ores [J]. Journal of Metals-Transaction AIME, 1950, 88: 67-99

[9] HooverM., HanK. N., FuerstenauD. W.. Reduction roasting of nickel, copper and cobalt from deep-sea manganese nodules [J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 1975, 2(2): 173-185

[10] TitovaZ. P., MaiorovA. D., ReznikI. D., PolosinaE. E., OsipovaA. S.. Extraction of nickel from iron-containing oxidized nickel ores by the segregation method [J]. Tsvetnye Metally, 1975, 48(1): 8-11

[11] MehrotraS. P., SrinivasanV.. Extraction of nickel from an Indian laterite by reduction roasting [J]. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 1994, 103: C97-C104

[12] IlicI., KrstevB., CerovicK., StopicS.. Study of chlorination of nickel oxide by chlorine and calcium chloride in the presence of active additives [J]. Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy, 1997, 26(1): 14-19

[13] LiuW.-r., LiX.-h., HuQ.-y., WangZ.-x., GuK.-z., LiJ.-h., ZhangL.-xin.. Pretreatment study on chloridizing segregation and magnetic separation of low-grade nickel laterites [J]. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China, 2010, 20(s1): s82-s86

[14] SudzukiR.. Extraction of nickel from oxidized nickel ores by segregation roasting and magnetic separation [J]. Tsvetnye Metally, 1977, 7: 9-12

[15] ParekhB. K., JepsenT. L. B., GoldbergerW. M.. Segregation roasting and beneficiation of deep sea nodules [J]. Marine Mining, 1988, 7(4): 417-429

[16] ReznikI. D., TarasovA. V., MayorovA. D.. Mechanism and technology of reduction roasting of oxide nickel ores with subsequent calcine flotation and concentrate leaching [C]. SCHLESINGER M E. EPD Congress 2004, 2002, Charlotte City, America, The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society: 725-737

[17] KarB. B., DattaP. M., IsraV. N.. Thermal study of segregation roasting of pure nickel sulphate [J]. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2004, 113(2): 118-120

[18] RuanH. D., FrostR. L., KloproggeJ. T., DuongL.. Infrared spectroscopy of goethite dehydroxylation: II. Effect of aluminium substitution on the behaviour of hydroxyl units [J]. Spectrochim Acta: Part A, 2002, 58(3): 479-491

[19] ValixM., CheungW. H.. Study of phase transformation of laterite ores at high temperature [J]. Miner Eng, 2002, 15(8): 607-612

[20] LandersM., GilkesR. J.. Dehydroxylation and dissolution of nickeliferous goethite in New Caledonian lateritic Ni ore [J]. Appl Clay Sci, 2007, 35(3/4): 162-172

[21] McDonaldR. G., WhittingtonB. I.. Atmospheric acid leaching of nickel laterites review: Part I. Sulphuric acid technologies [J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2008, 91(1/2/3/4): 35-55

[22] McDonaldR. G., WhittingtonB. I.. Atmospheric acid leaching of nickel laterites review: Part II. Chloride and bio-technologies [J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2008, 91(1/2/3/4): 56-69

[23] LiJ.-h., LiX.-h., HuQ.-y., WangZ.-x., ZhouY.-y., ZhengJ.-c., LiuW.-r., LiL.-jun.. Effect of pre-roasting on leaching of laterite [J]. Hydrometally, 2009, 99: 84-88

[24] ZhaoS.-jia.Recovery and preparation of nickel compounds from residue of metalliferous black shale [D], 2010, Changsha, School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University: 18-30

[25] ZhongZ.-q., MeiG.-gui.Hydrometallurgical processes [M], 1988, Changsha, Central South University of Technology Press: 83