Adsorption behavior of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions on bauxite flotation tailings

Abstract

The adsorption behavior of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions on bauxite flotation tailings was investigated to demonstrate the adsorptivity of the bauxite flotation tailings. The adsorption percentage of Pb2+ and Cd²⁺ ions as a function of adsorbent dosage, solution pH value and shaking time were determined by batch experiments. The maximum adsorption percentage of 99.93% for Pb²⁺ ions and 99.75% for Cd²⁺ ions were obtained by using bauxite flotation tailings as adsorbent. The methods, such as zeta potentials, specific surface area measurements and the analysis of adsorption kinetics, were introduced to analyze the adsorption mechanisms of the Pb²⁺ ions on bauxite flotation tailings. The isoelectric point of bauxite flotation tailings shifts from 3.6 to 5.6 in the presence of Pb²⁺ ions. The specific surface area of bauxite flotation tailings changes from 12.57 to 20.63 m²/g after the adsorption of Pb²⁺ ions. These results indicate that a specific adsorption of the cation species happens on the surface of bauxite flotation tailings. Adsorption data of Pb²⁺ ions on the surface of bauxite flotation tailings can be well described by Langmuir model, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides the best correlation for the adsorption data of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions on bauxite flotation tailings.

Keywords

adsorption / Pd²⁺ / Cd²⁺ / bauxite flotation tailings