Influence of underground water seepage flow on surrounding rock deformation of multi-arch tunnel

Abstract

Based on a typical multi-arch tunnel in a freeway, the fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions(FLAC^3D) was used to calculate the surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel under which the effect of underground water seepage flow was taken into account or not. The distribution of displacement field around the multi-arch tunnel, which is influenced by the seepage field, was gained. The result indicates that the settlement values of the vault derived from coupling analysis are bigger when considering the seepage flow effect than that not considering. Through the contrast of arch subsidence quantities calculated by two kinds of computation situations, and the comparison between the calculated and measured value of tunnel vault settlement, it is found that the calculated value(5.7–6.0 mm) derived from considering the seepage effect is more close to the measured value(5.8–6.8 mm). Therefore, it is quite necessary to consider the seepage flow effect of the underground water in aquiferous stratum for multi-arch tunnel design.

Keywords

multi-arch tunnel / underground water seepage flow / coupling flow and stress / surrounding rock deformation / vault settlement

References

[1] DanielleP., GerardB., Jean-PhilippeV.. Injection of a ventilation tower of an underwater road tunnel using cement and chemical grouts[C]. Proceedings of the Third International Conference: Grouting and Ground Treatment, 2003, New Orleans, LA, The Geo-Institute of ASCE: 1605-1616

[2] TsengD. J., TsaiB. R., ChangL. C.. A case study on ground treatment for a rock tunnel with high groundwater ingression in Taiwan[J]. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 2001, 16(3): 175-183

[3] ZhouC., LuoQ., LiZ.-g., YangY.. Techniques for tackling lining cracks and leakages in Yuanliangshan tunnel[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2004, 41(5): 52-57

[4] LiuX.-b., ChenYu.. Structural calculation and analysis for double arch tunnel in water eroded groove[J]. J Cent South Univ: Science and Technology, 2005, 36(3): 517-521

[5] YangX.-l., ZhangB.-q., WangZ.-b., ZouJ.-f., LiL.. Earthquake response of large span and double arch shallow tunnel[J]. J Cent South Univ: Science and Technology, 2006, 37(5): 991-996

[6] LiT.-c., LiS.-c., ChenW.-z., QiuX.-bo.. Coupled fluid-mechanical analysis of Xiamen sub sea tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2004, 26(3): 397-401

[7] ZangerlC., EberhardtE., LoewS.. Ground settlements above tunnels in fractured crystalline rock: Numerical analysis of coupled hydro mechanical mechanisms[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2003, 32(11): 162-173

[8] LeeI. M., NamS. W.. The study of seepage forces on the tunnel lining and tunnel face in shallow tunnels[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2001, 16(1): 31-40

[9] LeeI. M., NamS. W.. Effect of tunnel advance rate on seepage forces acting on the underwater tunnel face[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2004, 19(3): 273-281

[10] YangH.-j., WangM.-shu.. Analysis on construction factors of surrounding rock deformation in tunneling works[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2006, 28(3): 92-96

[11] TangJ.-x., CaiS.-m., LiuH.-z., DaiG.-fei.. Analyses of rock mass displacement of Jinyun tunnel[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2002, 25(12): 137-140

[12] CoulterS., MartinC. D.. Effect of jet-grouting on surface settlements above the Aeschertunnel, Switzerland[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2006, 21(5): 542-553

[13] VillyA., KontogianniT., StirosS. C.. Induced deformation during tunnel excavation: Evidence from geodetic monitoring[J]. Engineering Geology, 2005, 79: 115-126

[14] LiD.-y., LiX.-b., ZhangW., GongF.-q., HuangB.-ren.. Stability analysis for surrounding rock of multi-arch tunnel based on coupled fluid-mechanics theorem[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2007, 26(5): 1056-1064

[15] JiX.-m., WangY.-hui.. Hydro mechanical coupling analysis of tunnel excavation process[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2005, 1(6): 848-852

[16] Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. FLAC^3D Fluid-mechanical interaction(Version 2.1)[R]. 2003.