Early differentiation in biomass production and carbon sequestration of white poplar and its two hybrids in Central Iran

Abstract

We assessed the potential of white poplar (Populus alba L.) and its inter-sectional hybridization with euphrates poplar (P. euphratica Oliv.) for carbon storage and sequestration in central Iran. Trials were established at planting density of 2,500 trees per hectare in block randomized design with three replicates. After 6 years, we measured the above-ground biomass of tree components (trunk, branch, bark, twig and leaf), and assessed soil carbon at three depths. P. alba × euphratica plantation stored significantly more carbon (22.3 t ha⁻¹) than P. alba (16.7 t ha⁻¹) and P. euphratica × alba (13.1 t ha⁻¹). Most of the carbon was accumulated in the above-ground biomass (61.1 % in P. alba, 72.4 % in P. alba × euphratica and 56.0 % in P. euphratica × alba). There was no significant difference in soil carbon storage. Also, biomass allocation was different between white poplar P. alba and its inter-sectional hybridization. Therefore, there was a yield difference due to genomic imprinting, which increased the possibility that paternally and maternally inherited wood production alleles would be differentially expressed in the new crossing.

Keywords

Carbon storage / Hybridization / Biomass allocation / Euphrates poplar / Populus alba × euphratica

References

[1] Alexander L, Allen S, Bindoff L, Bréon FM, Church J, Cubasch U, Emori S, Forster P, Friedlingstein P, Gillett N, Gregory J, Hartmann D, Jansen E, Kirtman B, Knutti R, Kanikicharla KK, Lemke P, Marotzke J, Masson-Delmotte V, Meehl G, Mokhov I, Piao S, Plattner GK, Dahe Q, Ramaswamy V, Randall D, Rhein M, Rojas M, Sabine C, Shindell D, Stocker TF, Talley L, Vaughan D, Xie SP, Tignor M. Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Miller HL. Summary for policymakers. Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. 2013, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1 36

[2] Benomar L, DesRochers A, Larocque GR. The effects of spacing on growth, morphology and biomass production and allocation in two hybrid poplar clones growing in the boreal region of Canada. Trees, 2012, 26(3): 939-949.

[3] Coyle DR, Coleman MD, Aubrey DP. Above- and below-ground biomass accumulation, production, and distribution of sweetgum and loblolly pine grown with irrigation and fertilization. Can J For Res, 2008, 38(6): 1335-1348.

[4] Fang SZ, Xu XZ, Lu SX, Tang LZ. Impact of spacing and rotation length on nutrient budgets of poplar plantations for pulpwood. J For Res, 1999, 10(3): 133-140.

[5] Fortier J, Gagnon D, Truax B, Lambert F. Biomass and volume yield after 6 years in multiclonal hybrid poplar riparian buffer strips. Biomass Bioenergy, 2010, 34(7): 1028-1040.

[6] Garten CT, Wullschleger SD, Classen AT (2011) Review and model-based analysis of factors influencing soil carbon sequestration under hybrid poplar. Biomass Bioenergy 35(1):214–226

[7] Johansson T. Biomass production of hybrid aspen growing on former farm land in Sweden. J For Res, 2012, 24: 237-246.

[8] Kang XY, Zhu ZT, Zhang ZY. Breeding of triploids by the reciprocal crossing of Populus alba × P. glandulosa and P. tomentosa × P. bolleana. J Beijing For Univ, 2000, 22: 8-11.

[9] Kanowski J, Catterall CP. Carbon stocks in above-ground biomass of monoculture plantations, mixed species plantations and environmental restoration plantings in north-east Australia. Ecol Manag Restor, 2010, 11(2): 119-126.

[10] Liang WJ, Hu HQ, Liu FJ, Zhang DM. Research advance of biomass and carbon storage of poplar in China. J For Res, 2006, 17(1): 75-79.

[11] Mofidabadi AJ, Modir-Rahmati AR. Production of Populus euphratica Oliv. × P. alba L. hybrid poplars through ovary and ovule cultures. Plant Genet Resour Newsl, 2000, 122: 13-15.

[12] Pallardy S, Gibbins D, Rhoads J. Biomass production by two-year-old poplar clones on floodplain sites in the Lower Midwest, USA. Agrofor Syst, 2003, 59(1): 21-26.

[13] Payyavula RS, Babst BA, Nelsen MP, Harding SA, Tsai CJ. Glycosylation-mediated phenylpropanoid partitioning in Populus tremuloides cell cultures. BMC Plant Biol, 2009, 9 151

[14] Redondo-Brenes A, Montagnini F. Growth, productivity, aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration of pure and mixed native tree plantations in the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. For Ecol Manag, 2006, 232: 168-178.

[15] Samadi H, Ebrahimi A (2011) Drought impacts and mitigation approaches in Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province. Water Sources Study Center, Shahrekord University Publication, p 460

[16] Shepherd M, Cross M, Dieters MJ, Henry R. Genetic maps for Pinus elliottii var. elliottii and P. caribaea var. hondurensis using AFLP and microsatellite markers. Theor Appl Genet, 2003, 106(8): 1409-1419.

[17] Singh P, Lodhiyal LS. Biomass and carbon allocation in 8-year-old poplar (Populus deltoides Marsh) plantation in Tarai Agroforestry Systems of Central Himalaya, India. N Y Sci J, 2009, 2: 49-53.

[18] Stanton BJ, Neale DB, Li S. Genetics and genomics of populus. 2010, New York: Springer, 348.

[19] Strauss SH, Rottmann WH, Brunner AM, Sheppard LA. Genetic engineering of reproductive sterility in forest trees. Mol Breed, 1995, 1(1): 5-26.

[20] Swamy SL, Mishra A, Puri S. Comparison of growth, biomass and nutrient distribution in five promising clones of Populus deltoides under an agrisilviculture system. Bioresour Technol, 2006, 97(1): 57-68.

[21] Tuskan GA, DiFazio S, Jansson S, Bohlmann J, Grigoriev I, Hellsten U, Putnam N, Ralph S, Rombauts S, Salamov A, Schein J, Sterck L, Aerts A, Bhalerao RR, Bhalerao RP, Blaudez D, Boerjan W, Brun A, Brunner A, Busov V, Campbell M, Carlson J, Chalot M, Chapman J, Chen GL, Cooper D, Coutinho PM, Couturier J, Covert S, Cronk Q, Cunningham R, Davis J, Degroeve S, Déjardin A, de Pamphilis null C, Detter J, Dirks B, Dubchak I, Duplessis S, Ehlting J, Ellis B, Gendler K, Goodstein D, Gribskov M, Grimwood J, Groover A, Gunter L, Hamberger B, Heinze B, Helariutta Y, Henrissat B, Holligan D, Holt R, Huang W, Islam-Faridi N, Jones S, Jones-Rhoades M, Jorgensen R, Joshi C, Kangasjärvi J, Karlsson J, Kelleher C, Kirkpatrick R, Kirst M, Kohler A, Kalluri U, Larimer F, Leebens-Mack J, Leplé JC, Locascio P, Lou Y, Lucas S, Martin F, Montanini B, Napoli C, Nelson DR, Nelson C, Nieminen K, Nilsson O, Pereda V, Peter G, Philippe R, Pilate G, Poliakov A, Razumovskaya J, Richardson P, Rinaldi C, Ritland K, Rouzé P, Ryaboy D, Schmutz J, Schrader J, Segerman B, Shin H, Siddiqui A, Sterky F, Terry A, Tsai CJ, Uberbacher E, Unneberg P, Vahala J, Wall K, Wessler S, Yang G, Yin T, Douglas C, Marra M, Sandberg G, de Peer YV, Rokhsar D. The genome of black cottonwood, Populus trichocarpa (Torr and Gray). Science, 2006, 313(5793): 1596-1604.

[22] Vasilije I, Vladan I, Aleksandar L, Ljubinko R. Gene pool conservation and tree improvement in Serbia. Genetika, 2009, 41(3): 309-327.

[23] Wolf JB, Wade MJ. What are maternal effects (and what are they not)?. Philos Trans R Soc B, 2009, 364(1520): 1107-1115.

[24] Zeng WS, Tang SZ. Modeling compatible single-tree aboveground biomass equations for masson pine (Pinus massoniana) in southern China. J For Res, 2012, 23(4): 593-598.