Effects of different treatments on seed germination and breaking seed dormancy of Prosopis koelziana and Prosopis Juliflora

Abstract

For improving seed germination of Prosopis koelziana and Prosopis juliflora, different treatments of seeds were conducted, including scarification with sulfuric acid 98% for 10 and 15 min, sandy paper, hot water for 5 and 10 min, potasium nitrate 0.1%, gibberellic acid at 250 mg·L⁻¹ and 500 mg·L⁻¹ and combinational treatment of scarification with gibberellic acid of 250 mg·L⁻¹ and 500 mg·L⁻¹. The results show that scarifications with sandy paper and sulfuric acids 98% were the most effective treatments on breaking seed dormancy and seed germination induction. Scarification with sulfuric acid 98% for 15 min was the best treatment. According to the positive effect of scarification and lack of reaction of seeds against KNO₃ and gibberellic acid, the kind of seed dormancy was determined as exogenous.

Keywords

breaking seed dormancy / seed germination / sulfuric acid / Prosopis koelziana / Prosopis juliflora

References

[1] Abdul-baki A.A., Anderson J.D.. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiplication. Crop Science, 1973, 3: 630-633.

[2] Ali-El-Keblawy, Fatima A.-A., Awatif A.-Rawai.. Effects of dormancy regulating chemicals on innate and salinity induced dormancy in the invasive Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Shrub. Plant Growth Regulation, 2005, 46: 161-168.

[3] Aliero B.L.. Effect of sulfuric acid, mechanical scarification and wet heat treatments on germination of seeds of African locuct bean tree, Parika biglobosa. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2004, 3(3): 179-181.

[4] Benech R.L., Giallorenzi M., Frank J., Rodrigvez V.. Termination of hull-imposed dormancy in developing barley grains is correlated with changes in embryonic ABA levels and sensitivity. Seed Science Research, 1998, 9: 39-47.

[5] Bewley J.D.. Seed germination and dormancy. Plant cell, 1997, 9: 1055-1066.

[6] Black M., Bewley J.D.. Seed Technology and its Biological Basis. 2000, Sheffield: CRC Press, 3 41

[7] Burkart A.. A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). (Part 1 and 2). Catalogue of the recognized species of Prosopis. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 1976, 57: 219-249.

[8] Cox C.G., Munger H.M., Smith E.A.. A germination inhibitor in the seed coats of certain varieties of cabbage. Plant Physiology, 1945, 20: 289-294.

[9] Dehagan B., Norcini J.G., Kabat S.M., Perez H.E.. Effect of seed scarification and gibberellic acid treatment on seedling emergence of Sky-blue lupine (Lupinus diffuses). Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 2003, 21(2): 64-67.

[10] Derkan M.P.M., Karssen C.M.. Effect of light and temperature on seed dormancy and gibberellins-stimulated germination in Arabidopsis thaliana: studies with gibberellins-deficient and in sensitive mutants. Plant Physiology, 1993, 89: 360-368.

[11] Ellis R.A., Roberts E.H.. The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 1981, 9: 373-409.

[12] Emtahani M.R., Elmi M.. The Ecological Studies of Prosopis koelziana in south of Iran. Journal of Desert, 2006, 1: 1-11.

[13] Fedrico P.O., Mollard P.. Breaking setaria parviflora seed dormancy by nitratcs and light is partofa mechanism that detects a drawdown period after flooding. Aquatid Botany, 2009, 91: 54-60.

[14] Joshi A.J., Hinglajia H.. Accumulation of organic and inorganic solutes in Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC. growing in coastal belt of Gujarat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India. Biological Science, 2000, 70: 171-178.

[15] Khan M.A., Ungar I.A.. The role of hormones in regulating the germination of polymorphic seeds and early seedling growth of Atriplex triangularis under saline conditions. Physiology Plantarum, 1985, 63: 109-113.

[16] Koorneef M.L., Bentsink Hilhorst H.. Seed dormancy and germination. Plant Biology, 2002, 5: 33-36.

[17] Linding C.R., Lara-carbera S.. Effect of scarification and growing media on seed germination of crotalaria pamilalort. Seed Science and Technology, 2004, 32(1): 231-234.

[18] Manzano M.G., Navar J.. Processes of desertification by goats heavy grazing in the Tamaulipan thornscrub (matorral) in northeastern Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments, 2000, 44(1): 1-17.

[19] Mares D.J.. Quarterly reports on plant growth regulation and activities of the PGRSA. 32nd Annual Conference the Plant Growth Regulation Society of America, 2005, 33(2): 78-89.

[20] McDonald I., Omoruyi O.. Effect of seed pre-treatment on germination of two surface types of Dialium guianeense. Seed Science and Technology, 2003, 25: 41-44.

[21] Rincon-Rosales R., Culbero-Espinosa N.R., Gutierrez-Miceli F.A., Dedoren l.. Scarification of seeds of Acacia angustissima and its effect on germination. Seed Science and Technology, 2003, 31: 301-307.

[22] Singh G., Singh H., Bhoivaid P.P.. Amelioration of sodic soils by trees for wheat and oat production. Land Degradation and Development, 1998, 9: 453-462.

[23] Soleiman M.K., Bhat N.R., Abdal M.S., Jacob S.. Effect of acid scarification and warm water treatments on germination of dry seeds of Capparis sponsa. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2008, 5(3): 199-103.

[24] Soyler D., Khawar K.M.. Effects of Prechilling, Scarification, Incubation Temperature, Photoperiod, KNO3 and GA3 Treatments on Germination of Caper (Capparis Ovata Desf. Var. Palaestina Zoh.) Seeds. Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 2006, 6: 159-164.

[25] Uzen F., Aydin I.. Improving germination rate of medicago and Trifolium species. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 2004, 6: 714-717.

[26] Vanstone D.E.. Basswood (Tilia americansl) seed germination. Combined Proceedings of the International Plant Propagatols Society, 1978, 28: 566-570.

[27] Yates C.J., Norton D.A., Hobbs R.J.. Grazing effects on plant cover, soil and microclimate in fragmented woodlands in southwest Australia: implications for restoration. Australian Ecology, 2000, 25(1): 36-47.