Changes of community characteristics of a broad-leaved-conifer mixed forest after selection cutting

Abstract

The modification in structure, composition, and diversity, shrub, as well as herb strata ofPinus koraiensis-Tilia amurensis-Abies nephrolepis forest after 16a of selection cutting in northeastern China was studied. In the selection cutting forest, individuals with small DBH classes characterized size distribution. The virgin forest, on the other hand, was mainly composed of individuals having larger DBH classes. The density of dominant species and the species diversity at tree stratum in the selection-cutting stand was significantly larger than that of in the primeval forest. The shrub layer also showed a similar result. However, the herb layer had comparatively low species diversity. Large growing space and strong light in the artificial gaps must have provided opportunities for the species of shade tolerance or shade intolerance to establish on the stand. The juveniles of non-pioneer species, which were hardly found in highly shaded virgin forest, were also released by the disturbance. Regeneration in the selection-cutting stand was prompted by the disturbance, where the density of saplings occurred nearly 3 times as much as that in the virgin stand. The growth of shrub layer was improved due to the alteration in light condition. The projection volume of the herb layer was less affected. Restoration of a semi-virgin forest to the original status after selection cutting could be possible in several decades. However, for those subjected to clear cutting, it might take several centuries. In order to promote biodiversity, it is reasonable to practice selection cutting in communities for consisting of species with various levels of shade tolerance.

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