Fractal Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors of High-Quality Tight Sandstone Reservoirs in the Southeastern Ordos Basin

Abstract

Due to the complex conditions and strong heterogeneity of tight sandstone reservoirs, the reservoirs should be classified and the controlling factors of physical properties should be studied. Cast thin section observations, cathodoluminescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI) were used to classify and optimize the reservoir. The Brooks-Corey model and stepwise regression were used to study the fractal dimension and main controlling factors of the physical properties of the high-quality reservoir. The results show that the reservoirs in the study area can be divided into four types, and the high-quality reservoir has the best physical properties and pore-throat characteristics. In the high-quality reservoir, the homogeneity of transitional pores was the best, followed by that of micropores, and the worst was mesopores. The porosity was controlled by depth and kaolinite. The model with standardized coefficients is y = 12.454 − 0.778 × (Depth) + 0.395 × (Kaolinite). The permeability was controlled by depth, illite/montmorillonite, and siliceous cement, and the model with standardized coefficients is y = 1.689 − 0.683 × (Depth) − 0.395 × (Illite/Montmorillonite) − 0.337 × (Siliceous Cement). The pore-throat evolutionary model shows that the early-middle diagenetic period was when the reservoir physical properties were at their best, and the kaolinite intercrystalline pores and residual intergranular pores were the most important.

Keywords

fractal dimension / main controlling factors / stepwise regression / high-quality tight sandstone reservoir / Ordos Basin / petroleum geolgoy

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