Techniques and Its Adaptability for Sensorless Speed Detection of Three-Phase Squirrel Cage Asynchronous Motor

Abstract

For the three-phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor sensorless fast Fourier transformation (FFT) speed measurement method, the number of rotor slots needs to be known in advance, and the test accuracy is easily affected by factors such as noise and acquisition time. Therefore, a sensorless high-precision speed detection method based on singular value decomposition ( SVD ) and the Prony algorithm is proposed. Based on the study of the mechanism of rotor slot harmonic speed measurement, the calculation method of integer multiple rotor slot number is given. The SVD method based on the singular value growth rate curve is used to filter the stator current and the Prony algorithm is used to identify the rotor slot harmonics to calculate the motor speed. By using finite element and numerical simulation methods, the adaptability of the proposed algorithm and analog-to-digital ( A / D ) acquisition is analyzed and studied under different operating conditions of the motor. The physical test platform is constructed and the YE90S-2 motor is measured. Simulation and experiment results show that under the same acquisition condition, the absolute error of the proposed method is only a fraction or even one tenth of the FFT speed measurement, and the test accuracy is greatly improved, which proves the correctness and accuracy of the proposed method.

Keywords

three-phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor / sensorless speed detection / rotor slot harmonics / singular value decomposition (SVD)-Prony algorithm

References

[[1]] LUO X H, JIN J Y, KONG J H, et al. Spectral-domain model of PMSM vector control system and its application[J]. Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science), 2022, 48(5):84-90,100. (in Chinese)

[[2]] WANG W H, HUA H, KONG J H, et al. A method for decreasing the eddy current loss in surface-mounted permanent magnet of AC servo motor[J]. Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science), 2022, 48(6):97-102. (in Chinese)

[[3]] SCHAUDER C. Adaptive speed identification for vector control of induction motors without rotational transducers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1992, 28(5):1054-1061.

[[4]] RASHED M, STRONACH F, VAS P. A new stable MRAS-based speed and stator resistance estimators for sensorless vector control induction motor drive at low speeds[C]// 38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference. New York: IEEE, 2004:1181-1188.

[[5]] JIANG S Q, DONG S J, CAI W W, et al. Based on model reference adaptive study on the new method of induction motor speed identification[J]. Modular Machine Tool and Automatic Machining Technology, 2019 (6):90-93,97. (in Chinese)

[[6]] CHE H J, WANG L L, HUO L J, et al. Improved reactive power model reference adaptive speed identification applying to induction motor[J]. Journal of Motor and Control, 2017, 21 (10):40-46,53. (in Chinese)

[[7]] BLASCO R, SUMNER M, ASHER G M. Speed measurement of inverter fed induction motors using the FFT and the rotor slot harmonics[C]// 1994 Fifth International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable-Speed Drives.London:IET, 2002:470-475.

[[8]] HURST K D, HABETLER T G. A comparison of spectrum estimation techniques for sensorless speed detection in induction machines[C]// IAS’95.Conference Record of the 1995 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirtieth IAS Annual Meeting. New York: IEEE, 2002:553-559.

[[9]] FERRAH A, BRADLEY K J, ASHER G M. An FFT-based novel approach to noninvasive speed measurement in induction motor drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 1992, 41(6):797-802.

[[10]] WAN A D, LIU L P. Sensorless speed detection method for induction motor using the rotor slot harmonics[J]. Powertrain and Control, 2013, 2 (3):6. (in Chinese)

[[11]] CHANG Y F. Research on speed identification and energy conservation of submersible motor based on slot harmonic method[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum (East China), 2018. (in Chinese)

[[12]] WANG H X, ZHAO Y M, TIAN W, et al. Sensor-less speed estimation of induction motor based on fourth-order cumulant MUSIC method[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2019, 47(10):130-135. (in Chinese)

[[13]] ZHANG Y C, WANG D, YI X Q, et al. Design method of search coils for induction motor speed estimation[J]. Journal of Electro-technical Technology, 2018, 33(24):5760-5767. (in Chinese)

[[14]] SHANGGUAN X R. Research on harmonic magnetic field analysis and speed estimation of rotor teeth of multiphase induction motor[D]. Qingdao: Qingdao University, 2022. (in Chinese)

[[15]] SHEN H H, HE L L. Method for double-layer filtering of speech signal based on WT-SVD[J]. Radio Communications Technology, 2018, 44(6):559-563. (in Chinese)

[[16]] CAI K L, WANG L J, XU Z C, et al. The feature extraction and analysis of bearing weak fault based on SVD-VMD[J]. Modular Machine Tool and Automatic Machining Technology, 2022(4):70-73,78. (in Chinese)

[[17]] WANG M H, LI K C, LIU C, et al. Prony-GSO combined harmonic detection method based on VMD de-noising[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2020, 57(24):101-107. (in Chinese)

[[18]] DU W J, ZHAO F, GAO F Y. Harmonic and inter-harmonic detection method based on EEMD-Robust ICA and Prony algorithm[J]. Computer Science, 2018, 45(S2):564-568. (in Chinese)

[[19]] WANG Z, LI C, CHEN X, et al. Broken rotor bar diagnosis by double HTLS parameter estimation based on short-time data of induction motor[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37(1):182-186. (in Chinese)

[[20]] LIU S Q, WANG Y J, MEI Y, et al. Harmonic and inter-harmonic detection methods based on ELMD-SVD and Prony algorithm[J]. Electric Drive, 2022, 52(13):48-55. (in Chinese)

[[21]] YING J, ZHU Y P, HE C. Harmonic detection algorithm based on improved SVD and prony[J]. Application of Electronic Technique, 2019, 45(1):46-50. (in Chinese)

Funding

Textile Light Foundation Research Fund Project, China(JS201505)