Simulation Study of Forced Circulation Pre-cooling for Hydrogen

Abstract

Due to the low boiling point for cryogenic propellant，the cryogenic rocket engine and delivery pipelines must be fully cooled before startup. Pre-cooling methods largely influence the complexity of the pre-launch rocket test procedure and the adaptability of delayed launch. Therefore，it is needed to comprehensively consider amounts of factors. In this paper，by comparing three pre-cooling methods in detail，selection principles are given. Finally，a model of the forced circulation pre-cooling system for hydrogen is developed with AMESim. According to the system characteristics，it is found that the tank pressure，the speed of the circulating pump and the pressure in the isolated cavity influence the cooling effect. The simulation results show that the pressure difference between the outlet pressure of the circulating pump and the pressure in the isolated cavity is the key factor，and the bigger，the better.

Keywords

cryogenic rocket engine / pre-cooling method / forced circulation pre-cooling / AMESim

References

[1] 刘国球. 液体火箭发动机原理[M]. 北京：宇航出版社，1993.
[2] 中国航天工业总公司. 世界导弹与航天发动机大全[M]. 北京：军事科学出版社，1999.
[3] 李佳超,梁国柱. 运载火箭低温推进剂热管理技术及应用进展分析[J]. 宇航总体技术,2017,1(2):59-70
LI J C,LIANG G H. Analysis of thermal management technology and its application progress for launch vehicle cryogenic propellants[J]. Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology,2017,1(2):59-70
[4] 田玉蓉,张福忠,唐一华. 低温推进剂火箭发动机循环预冷方法研究[J]. 导弹与航天运载技术,2003(2):7-15
TIAN Y R,ZHANG F Z,TANG Y H. The study of circulating chilldown method of cryogenic rocket engine[J]. Missiles and Space Vehicles,2003(2):7-15
[5] 付永领，祁晓野. LMS Imagine Lab AMESim 系统建模和仿真参考手册[M]. 北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2011.
[6] 刘刚毅. 低温发动机氢系统预冷仿真研究[D]. 北京：中国运载火箭技术研究院，2019.
[7] 孙礼杰,樊宏湍,刘增光,等. 低温推进剂火箭发动机预冷方案研究[J]. 上海航天,2012,29(4):41-48
SUN L J,FAN H T,LIU Z G,et al. Research on precooling of cryogenic propellant rocket engines[J]. Aerospace Shanghai,2012,29(4):41-48
[8] 陈士强,范瑞祥,黄兵,等. 液体运载火箭低温动力系统注气式循环预冷过程的AMESim仿真研究[J]. 载人航天,2014,20(5):413-421
CHEN S Q,FAN R X,HUANG B,et al. Simulation research on gas injection circulation precooling to cryogenic launch vehicle propulsion system with AMESim[J]. Manned Spaceflight,2014,20(5):413-421
[9] 程向华,陈二锋,厉彦忠. 低温液体火箭发动机自然循环预冷研究[J]. 火箭推进,2012,38(5):1-6
CHENG X H,CHEN E F,LI Y Z. Investigation on natural circulation precooling for cryogenic liquid rocket engine[J]. Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2012,38(5):1-6
[10] 陈士强,范瑞祥,黄兵,等. 循环预冷气液两相流压降特性及引射气等效研究[J]. 低温工程,2014(4):35-40
CHEN S Q,FAN R X,HUANG B,et al. Research on gas-liquid two-phase pressure drop and injection gases equivalent transformation of circulation precooling[J]. Cryogenics,2014(4):35-40