Research on Space Time Delay Compensation Method Based on Beam Squint Technique

Abstract

In deep space TT&C mission，the space time delay and Earth rotation make the narrow beam of large ground antennas unable to cover the corresponding orbit area，which leads to the quality deterioration or even interruption of the communication link. A technique for a real-time beam separation correction scheme for deep space uplink and downlink communications is presented，which provides a close relationship between the beam squint angles and the corresponding feed displacement for a reflector antenna with a beam waveguide（BWG）or multiple reflector system. The simulation results of 35-meter antenna at Ka band（34 GHz）show that the uplink beam gain loss is less than 4.25 dB by moving the uplink feed position when the up/downlink beam separation angle is 0.032 72 °. It is also useful to determine the feed offset position to correct the beam deviation caused by the imperfect antenna mechanical structure and the mirror misalignments of the complex multiple reflector system.

Keywords

deep space exploration / space time delay / beam width / beam waveguide / feed defocusing / aperture phase error / beam aberration correction / beam separation

References

[1] 董光亮. 深空测控新技术研究进展[J]. 深空探测学报,2014,1(4):243-249
DONG G L. Development of new technology in deep space TT&C[J]. Journal of Deep Space of Exploration,2014,1(4):243-249
[2] 王海波,姚旭. 美国下一代深空网发展计划探析[J]. 飞行器测控学报,2016,35(6):443-449
WANG H B,YAO X. Evaluation of NASA’s next-generation deep space network evolvement strategy[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology,2016,35(6):443-449
[3] 王晓海. 深空测控通信技术最新研究进展[C]//中国宇航学会深空探测技术专业委员会第六届学术年会. 海南三亚：宇航学会，2009.
[4] 柳丽. 深空测控通信技术的现状与新技术[C]//中国宇航学会深空探测技术专业委员会第九届学术年会. 杭州：宇航学会，2012.
[5] CHRISTIAN H，NASSER G. Radio wave propagation handbook for communication on and around Mars[M]. Pasadena，CA：Jet Propulsion Laboratory，2002：89-93
[6] WOOD G E，ASMAR S W，REBOLD T A. Mars pathfinder entry，descent，and landing communications，TDA Progress Report 42-131[R]. Pasadena，CA：Jet Propulsion Laboratory，1997.
[7] 朱猛,平劲松,李文潇,等. 深空探测对我国地面测控站升级的需求[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,1052(5):537-541
ZHU M,PING J S,LI W X,et al,Updating ground TT&C station for deep space exploration in China[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2016,1052(5):537-541
[8] MILLIGAN A T. Modern antenna design[M]. New Jersey：John Wiley & Sons，Inc.，Hoboken，2005：387-390.
[9] VOLAKIS L J. Antenna engineering handbook[M]. New York：McGraw Hill，Inc，2007（15）：20-31.
[10] 段玉虎. 副反射面调整模型及工程实现方法[J]. 飞行器测控学报,2017,36(3):24-30
DUAN Y H. The study on the adjustment model of sub-reflector and engineering realization method[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology,2017,36(3):24-30
[11] BESSO P,BOZZI M. Deep-space antenna for Rosetta mission:design and testing of the S/X band dichroic mirror[J]. IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation,2003,51(3):388-394
[12] CHEN J C，STANTON P H，REILLY H. A prototype Ka-/Ka-band dichroic plate with stepped rectangular apertures TDA progress report[R]. Pasadena，CA：JPL，1996.
[13] 段昊. S/X频段十字交叉孔频率选择面研究[J] 测控与通信,2016,40(1):1-5
DUAN H. Research on frequency selective surface of S/X band with cross-shaped[J]. TT&C and Communication 2016,40(1):1-5
[14] GUDIM A M，GAWRONSKI W. Design and performance of the monopulse pointing system of the DSN 34-meter beam-waveguide antennas，the telecommunications and mission operations progress report[R]. Pasadena，California：Jet Propulsion Laboratory，1999.
[15] GAWRONSK W，CRAPARO E M. Three scanning techniques for deep space network antennas to estimate spacecraft position，the interplanetary network progress report[R]. Pasadena，California：Jet Propulsion Laboratory，2001.
[16] 段玉虎. 波束波导馈电系统在深空探测天线应用中的关键技术研究[J]. 飞行器测控学报,2014,33(3):231-235
DUAN Y H. On application of beam waveguide feed systems in deep space antenna[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology,2014,33(3):231-235
[17] 段玉虎. 星载多波束天线设计[J]. 飞行器测控学报,2011,30(1):17-21
DUAN Y H. Design of multi-beam satellite antennas TT&C[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology,2011,30(1):17-21
[18] IMBRIALE A W. Large antennas of the deep space network[M]. California：Jet Propulsion Laboratory，California Institute of Technology，2002.
[19] ELLIOTT S R. Antenna theory and design[M]. California：University of California Los Angeles，California，2003：482-495.
[20] 董光亮，李国民，王永新，等.中国深空网：系统设计与关键技术（中）S/X/Ka三频段深空测控通信系统[M]. 北京：清华大学出版社，2016.
DONG G L，LI G M，WANG Y X，et al. China deep space network（II）：system design and key technologies，S/X/Ka-band deep space TT&C system[M]. Beijing：Tsinghua University Press，2016.
[21] PHAM T T. DSN telecommunications link design handbook，103，Rev. a 34-m HEF subnet telecommunications interfaces[R]. California：Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology，2007.