Analytical Solution of Optimal Geometric Configuration Based on PDOP for DOA FDOA and TDOA

Abstract

The radar radiation source signals hold extremely high reconnaissance value. Accurately positioning these signals constitutes one of the key technologies in safeguarding the security of the electromagnetic space. The positioning error in multi-station scenarios is influenced not only by the accuracy of positioning parameter estimation but also by the geometric configuration of the positioning platform. This paper focuses on the direction of arrival (DOA), frequency difference of arrival (FDOA), and time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods, analyzing the optimal configuration, optimal detection area, and optimal position dilution of precision in both elevation-known and elevation-unknown scenarios. Specifically, the paper constructs a signal receiving model, establishes the corresponding positioning equations, and performs dimensional normalization on these equations to derive measurement values in meters. Through differential processing, the position dilution of precision is obtained, which is then used as the optimization function to determine the optimal configuration, optimal detection area, and optimal position dilution of precision. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the proposed formulas.

Keywords

optimal geometric configuration / analytical solution / position dilution of precision / direction of arrival (DOA) / frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) / time difference of arrival (TDOA)