Analysis of Grinding Mechanics and Improved Force Model in Ultrasonic Assisted Grinding C_f/SiC Composites

Abstract

Grinding is a key precision machining method for achieving high surface quality and dimensional accuracy in carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites (C_f/SiC). Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding (UVAG), with its high-frequency intermittent loading characteristics, offers a novel approach to regulating the dynamic removal behavior of heterogeneous materials. This study firstly analyzed the material removal mechanism of abrasive particles based on abrasive geometry and kinematics. On this basis, mechanical models are developed for a single abrasive grain across three removal stages: ductile removal, ductile-to-brittle transition, and brittle removal. These are further extended into a grinding force prediction model by integrating the effects of multiple abrasive grains and process correction factors during ultrasonic-assisted grinding. Finally, the model is validated through UVAG experiments. Results show that under an ultrasonic frequency of 20 kHz and amplitude of 5 μm, the predicted grinding forces match the experimental values with a high degree of accuracy (98.98%). This grinding force model provides theoretical support and process guidance for high-performance, low-damage precision machining of C_f/SiC composites.

Keywords

Grinding / Ceramic matrix composites / Ultrasonic vibration / Removal mechanism / Grinding force model

Statement of the Use of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies in the Writing Process

During the preparation of this manuscript, the author(s) used [Deepseek/DeepSeek Artificial Intelligence Basic Technology Research Co., Ltd., Hangzhou in order to [polish language]. After using this tool/service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, A.C. and R.S.; Methodology, A.C.; Software, R.S.; Validation, Y.S., N.L. and W.X.; Formal Analysis, X.Z.; Investigation, A.C.; Resources, G.L.; Data Curation, A.C., H.W. and C.J.; Writing—Original Draft Preparation, W.X.; Writing—Review & Editing, W.X.

Ethics Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

Not applicable.

Funding

This research received no external f==unding.

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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