New trend in molecular diagnostics: Insights from the tumor microenvironment
Baiyuan Fan , Jiahui Zhang , Chong Li , Xu Zhang
Interdisciplinary Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (6) : e70048
Molecular diagnosis has revolutionized cancer precision medicine. However, therapeutic resistance, recurrence, and metastasis remain critical challenges, since conventional diagnostic patterns mainly focus on molecular alterations of tumor cells while overlooking other important factors, thus leading to limited guidance for clinical decision-making. The critical role of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been well recognized in recent years. Therefore, establishing diagnostic systems based on TME molecular signatures represents a promising strategy. This review outlines the evidence in support of TME-derived molecules as potential biomarkers, and details their biological functions and clinical significance. Emerging molecular analytical technologies, scoring models, and subtyping frameworks for TME assessment are also summarized. Finally, current challenges and future directions in the field of TME-based molecular diagnostics are discussed to provide valuable insights for this new trend.
biomarker / cancer / molecular diagnosis / precision medicine / tumor microenvironment
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2025 The Author(s). Interdisciplinary Medicine published by Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.
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