Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 attenuates periapical inflammation and bone loss

Abstract

Targeting a protein complex involved in the body’s response to low internal oxygen concentrations could help treat destructive tooth root inflammations. Hajime Sasaki from the University of Michigan and colleagues in the U.S. and Japan investigated the role of the protein complex HIF-1 in oral inflammation. They induced lesions in the root area of molar teeth in mice, exposing them to oral bacteria, which led to inflammation. They injected the mice with one of two agents that activate the HIF-1 pathway. Inflammation and bone destruction in the lesions were both reduced. Activation of the HIF-1 pathway turned off another pathway, called NF-κB, involved in the immune response to infection. It also turned off genes involved in bone destruction. The results indicate that HIF-1 has a protective effect on tooth root lesions and could play a role in their treatment pending further investigations.

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