Electromagnetic wave absorption and corrosion resistance performance of carbon nanoclusters/Ce–Mn codoped barium ferrite composite materials

Abstract

To realize the application of electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) devices in humid marine environments, bifunctional EWA materials with better EWA capacities and anticorrosion properties have great exploration significance and systematic research requirements. By utilizing the low-cost and excellent magnetic and stable chemical characteristics of barium ferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉) and using the high dielectric loss and excellent chemical inertia of nanocarbon clusters, a new type of nanocomposites with carbon nanoclusters encapsulating BaFe₁₂O₁₉ was designed and synthesized by combining an impregnation method and a high-temperature calcination strategy. Furthermore, Ce–Mn ions were introduced into the BaFe₁₂O₁₉ lattice to improve the dielectric and magnetic properties of BaFe₁₂O₁₉ cores significantly, and the energy band structure of the doped lattice and the orders of Ce replacing Fe sites were calculated. Benefiting from Ce–Mn ion doping and carbon nanocluster encapsulation, the composite material exhibited excellent dual functionality of corrosion resistance and EWA. When BaCe_0.2Mn_0.3Fe_11.5O₁₉-C (BCM-C) was calcined at 600°C, the minimum reflection loss of −20.1 dB was achieved at 14.43 GHz. The Ku band’s effective absorption bandwidth of 4.25 GHz was achieved at an absorber thickness of only 1.3 mm. The BCM-C/polydimethylsiloxane coating had excellent corrosion resistance in the simulated marine environment (3.5wt% NaCl solution). The ∣Z∣_0.01Hz value of BCM-C remained at 10⁶ Ω·cm² after 12 soaking days. The successful preparation of the BaFe₁₂O₁₉ composite encapsulated with carbon nanoclusters provides new insights into the preparation of multifunctional absorbent materials and the fabrication of absorbent devices applied in humid marine environments in the future.

References

[1] Ma YY, Jiang YH, Qian JR, et al.. Facile fabrication of Co-MOF/GNs derivatives as electromagnetic wave absorber with thin thickness for X and Ku bands. Ceram. Int., 2023, 49(11): 18745.

[2] H.Z. Du, W.M. Zhang, L. Wang, et al., Heterostructured C@Fe₃O₄@FeSiCr composite absorbing material derived from MIL-88(Fe)@FeSiCr, J. Alloys Compd., 968(2023), art. No. 172129.

[3] Jiang C, Wang YY, Zhao ZX, Ma Z, Liu YQ. Multifunctional three-dimensional porous MOFs derived Fe/C/carbon foam for microwave absorption, thermal insulation and infrared stealth. Ceram. Int., 2023, 49(11): 18861.

[4] T. Liu, L. Huang, X.H. Wang, F.X. Yin, and Y. Yuan, A strong insulating, compressible Nd₂O₃@CNFs WPU foam for robust electromagnetic wave absorption, J. Alloys Compd., 975(2024), art. No. 172983.

[5] Wang L, Chen Z, Wang X, et al.. Fe₃O₄@C 3D foam for strong low-frequency microwave absorption. J. Materiomics, 2023, 9(1): 148.

[6] Z.R. Jia, J.K. Liu, Z.G. Gao, C.H. Zhang, and G.L. Wu, Molecular intercalation-induced two-phase evolution engineering of 1T and 2H-MS₂ (M = Mo, V, W) for interface-polarization-enhanced electromagnetic absorbers, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2024, art. No. 2405523.

[7] H. Luo, H. Rehman, X.Y. Xia, et al., Efficient microwave absorbing performance of Ni/carbon nanotubes assembled coronal hollow clusters, J. Alloys Compd., 968(2023), art. No. 172146.

[8] Hua A, Li Y, Pan DS, et al.. Enhanced wideband microwave absorption of hollow carbon nanowires derived from a template of Al₄C₃@C nanowires. Carbon, 2020, 161: 252.

[9] A. Hua, W.Y. Zhou, Y. Li, et al., A novel strategy for synthesizing the large size Co₉S₈@C nanosheets as anode for lithium-ion batteries with superior performance, J. Alloys Compd., 895(2022), art. No. 162668.

[10] L. Ma, S.Z. Li, M.D. Yan, et al., Self-assembled hollow bowl-shaped metal-organic framework-derived electromagnetic wave absorbers with strong anti-microbiologically influenced corrosion performance, J. Alloys Compd., 949(2023), art. No. 169847.

[11] J.Z. Chen, B.Y. Lei, Y.L. Hou, et al., Graphene aerogel encapsulated double carbon shell CoFe@C@C nanocubes for construction of high performance microwave absorbing materials, Carbon, 224(2024), art. No. 119081.

[12] Y.J. Xia, Z. Zhang, K.F. Li, et al., Lightweight and high-strength SiC/MWCNTs nanofibrous aerogel derived from RGO/MWCNTs aerogel for microwave absorption, Chem. Eng. J., 486(2024), art. No. 150417.

[13] X.H. Wang, Y. Yuan, X.X. Sun, et al., Lightweight, flexible, and thermal insulating carbon/SiO₂@CNTs composite aerogel for high-efficiency microwave absorption, Small, 20(2024), No. 30, art. No. 2311657.

[14] N. Tran, M.Y. Lee, W.H. Jeong, T.L. Phan, N.Q. Tuan, and B.W. Lee, Thickness independent microwave absorption performance of La-doped BaFe₁₂O₁₉ and polyaniline composites, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 538(2021), art. No. 168299.

[15] Y.X. Jin, W. Xiao, L. Ma, et al., Effect of Ce doping on electromagnetic characteristics and absorbing properties of M-type barium ferrite, Mater. Today Commun., 39(2024), art. No. 108596.

[16] J.J. Liu, X.H. Feng, S.J. Wu, et al., High microwave absorption performance in Nd-substituted BaM/GO through sol-gel and high energy ball milling process, J. Alloys Compd., 892(2022), art. No. 162207.

[17] D.W. Mu, Z.H. Chen, T.H. Liu, et al., Interfacial multi-reflection in Barium ferrite nanosheets/amorphous carbon nanotube composites for effective electromagnetic shielding applications, Mater. Chem. Phys., 267(2021), art. No. 124606.

[18] Ren XH, Pu XL, Yin HF, Tang Y, Yuan HD, Fan HQ. Fabrication of hierarchical PANI@W-type barium hexaferrite composites for highly efficient microwave absorption. Ceram. Int., 2021, 47(9): 12122.

[19] C. Liu, L. Xu, X. Xiang, et al., Achieving ultra-broad microwave absorption bandwidth around millimeter-wave atmospheric window through an intentional manipulation on multi-magnetic resonance behavior, Nanomicro Lett., 16(2024), No. 1, art. No. 176.

[20] M. Habibi, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, Y. Akinay, and A. Khataee, Oxygen vacancy-rich CeO₂ decorated with Cu₃BiS₃ nanoparticles: Outstanding visible-light photocatalytic performance towards tetracycline degradation, Chemosphere, 340(2023), art. No. 139828.

[21] Z.X. Lei, S.Z. Li, A.Q. Zhang, et al., Electromagnetic wave absorption superalloy/graphite magnetic nanocapsules applied in wide temperature range, Composites Part B: Eng., 234(2022), art. No. 109692.

[22] Z.T. Shen, Y.P. Zu, S. Ma, et al., Controllable synthesis of porous carbon@Fe₂₀Ni₈₀ composites with improved microwave absorption performance, Composites Part B: Eng., 259(2023), art. No. 110710.

[23] Y. Liu, X.F. Zhou, Z.R. Jia, H.J. Wu, and G.L. Wu, Oxygen vacancy-induced dielectric polarization prevails in the electromagnetic wave-absorbing mechanism for Mn-based MOFs-derived composites, Adv. Funct. Mater., 32(2022), No. 34, art. No. 2204499.

[24] B. Yang, H.J. Quan, J. Gao, S.H. Wang, N. Wang, and C.L. Sun, MnO nanoparticles with cationic defects encapsulated in nitrogen-doped porous carbon for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries, J. Alloys Compd., 889(2021), art. No. 161680.

[25] Z.X. Lei, Y.X. Song, M.Z. Li, et al., Multi-carbon encapsulating soft-magnetic nanocomposite with environmentally adaptive wideband electromagnetic wave absorption, J. Alloys Compd., 936(2023), art. No. 168216.

[26] L. Ma, S.Z. Li, F.C. Liu, S. Ma, E.H. Han, and Z.D. Zhang, Metal-organic framework-derived Co/C composite with high magnetization as broadband electromagnetic wave absorber, J. Alloys Compd., 906(2022), art. No. 164257.

[27] Li SZ, Ma L, Lei ZX, et al.. Bifunctional two-dimensional nanocomposite for electromagnetic wave absorption and comprehensive anti-corrosion. Carbon, 2022, 186: 520.

[28] S.Z. Li, T.W. Xie, L. Ma, et al., Ni₃Fe@N-doped carbon nanotubes 3D network induced by nanoconfined symmetry breaking for high-performance microwave absorption, corrosion protection, and pollutant purification, Carbon, 213(2023), art. No. 118302.

[29] X. Liang, Z. Man, B. Quan, et al., Environment-stable Co_xNi_y encapsulation in stacked porous carbon nanosheets for enhanced microwave absorption, Nanomicro Lett., 12(2020), No. 1, art. No. 102.

[30] W. Zhang, G.G. Tan, J.X. Hu, Q.W. Wang, W.R. Yan, and Q.K. Man, Enhancing electromagnetic wave absorption performance through co-regulation of microstructure and spatial orientation of RE-Ni MOF, Chem. Eng. J., 478(2023), art. No. 147414.

[31] X.Q. Cui, X.H. Liang, W. Liu, W.H. Gu, G.B. Ji, and Y.W. Du, Stable microwave absorber derived from 1D customized heterogeneous structures of Fe₃N@C, Chem. Eng. J., 381(2020), art. No. 122589.

[32] Z. Gao, A. Iqbal, T. Hassan, S. Hui, H. Wu, and C.M. Koo, Tailoring built-in electric field in a self-assembled zeolitic imidazolate framework/MXene nanocomposites for microwave absorption, Adv. Mater., 36(2024), No. 19, art. No. 2311411.

[33] Wen JH, Lan D, Wang YQ, et al.. Absorption properties and mechanism of lightweight and broadband electromagnetic wave-absorbing porous carbon by the swelling treatment. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2024, 31(7): 1701.

[34] Q. An, D. Li, W. Liao, et al., A novel ultra-wideband electromagnetic-wave-absorbing metastructure inspired by bionic gyroid structures, Adv. Mater., 35(2023), No. 26, art. No. 2300659.

[35] Q.F. Ban, L.W. Li, H.M. Liu, et al., Polymerization-induced assembly-etching engineering to hollow Co@N-doped carbon microcages for superior electromagnetic wave absorption, Carbon, 215(2023), art. No. 118506.

[36] Yu LY, Lan D, Guo ZQ, et al.. Multi-level hollow sphere rich in heterojunctions with dual function: Efficient microwave absorption and antiseptic. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 189: 155.

[37] Feng AL, Lan D, Liu JK, Wu GL, Jia ZR. Dual strategy of A-site ion substitution and self-assembled MoS₂ wrapping to boost permittivity for reinforced microwave absorption performance. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 180: 1.

[38] Z.G. Gao, D. Lan, X.Y. Ren, Z.R. Jia, and G.L. Wu, Manipulating cellulose-based dual-network coordination for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption in magnetic porous carbon nanocomposites, Compos. Commun., 48(2024), art. No. 101922.

[39] Li JJ, Lan D, Cheng YH, et al.. Constructing mixed-dimensional lightweight magnetic cobalt-based composites heterostructures: An effective strategy to achieve boosted microwave absorption and self-anticorrosion. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 196: 60.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

University of Science and Technology Beijing