Multiple impacts of trace Tb addition on the secondary recrystallization and magnetostriction of Fe-Ga thin sheet

Abstract

Fe-Ga sheets with large magnetostriction are required for improving the conversion efficiency under the ultra-high frequency magnetic field. Trace Tb element doping can simultaneously improve the magnetostriction and ductility of Fe-Ga alloy. However, the impact of trace Tb doping on the microstructure and magnetostriction of Fe-Ga thin sheets is an open question. In this paper, the effects of trace Tb addition on the secondary recrystallization and magnetostriction of Fe-Ga thin sheets are systematically studied by comparing the characteristics evolution of precipitation, texture, and nanoinclusions. The results indicate that trace Tb addition accelerates the secondary recrystallization of Goss texture due to the combined action of the bimodal size distributed precipitates, smaller grains, and more HEGBs in primary recrystallization. After quenching at 900°C, the magnetostriction value in 0.07at%Tb-doped Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ thin sheets increases by 30% to that of Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ thin sheets. The increase in magnetostriction is attributed to the decrease in the number of Tb-rich precipitates and the higher density of the nanometer-sized modified-D0₃ inclusions induced by the dissolving of trace Tb elements after quenching. These results demonstrate a simple and efficient approach for preparing Fe-Ga thin sheets with a large magnetostrictive coefficient by a combination of trace RE element addition and conventional rolling method.

Keywords

magnetostriction alloy / thin sheets / RE dopant / secondary recrystallization / precipitate phase / nanoheterogeneity.

References

[1] ClarkAE, RestorffJB, Wun-FogleM, LograssoTA, SchlagelDL. Magnetostrictive properties of body-centered cubic Fe-Ga and Fe-Ga-Al alloys. IEEE Trans. Magn., 2000, 36(5): 3238

[2] KelloggRA, RussellAM, LograssoTA, FlatauAB, ClarkAE, Wun-FogleM. Tensile properties of magnetostrictive iron-gallium alloys. Acta Mater., 2004, 52(17): 5043

[3] S.M. Na and A.B. Flatau, Secondary recrystallization, crystallographic texture and magnetostriction in rolled Fe-Ga based alloys, J. Appl. Phys., 101(2007), No. 9, art. No. 09N518.

[4] LiJH, GaoXX, ZhuJ, BaoXQ, XiaT, ZhangMC. Ductility, texture and large magnetostriction of Fe-Ga-based sheets. Scripta Mater., 2010, 63(2): 246

[5] FuQ, ShaYH, ZhangF, EslingC, ZuoL. Correlative effect of critical parameters for η recrystallization texture development in rolled Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ sheet: Modeling and experiment. Acta Mater., 2019, 167: 167

[6] YuanC, LiJH, ZhangWL, BaoXQ, GaoXX. Micro-structure and magnetostrictive performance of NbC-doped oriented Fe-Ga alloys. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2015, 22(1): 52

[7] NaSM, FlatauAB. Single grain growth and large magnetostriction in secondarily recrystallized Fe-Ga thin sheet with sharp Goss (011)[100]orientation. Scripta Mater., 2012, 66(5): 307

[8] NaSM, AtwaterKM, FlatauAB. Particle pinning force thresholds for promoting abnormal grain growth in magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloy sheets. Scripta Mater., 2015, 100: 1

[9] YuanC, LiJH, ZhangWL, BaoXQ, GaoXX. Sharp Goss orientation and large magnetostriction in the rolled columnar-grained Fe-Ga alloys. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2015, 374: 459

[10] YuanC, LiJH, ZhangWL, BaoXQ, GaoXX. Secondary recrystallization behavior in the rolled columnar-grained Fe-Ga alloys. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2015, 391: 145

[11] HeZH, HaoHB, ShaYH, LiWL, ZhangF, ZuoL. Sharp secondary recrystallization and large magnetostriction in Fe₈₁Ga19 sheet induced by composite nanometer-sized inhibitors. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2019, 478: 109

[12] Z.H. He, X.Y. Zhai, Y.H. Sha, et al., Effects of primary recrystallization texture and inhibitor characteristic on the secondary recrystallization of Fe-Ga alloy thin sheet induced by nano-sized inhibitor, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 563(2022), art. No. 169889.

[13] HeZH, LiuJD, ZhuXF, et al.. Secondary recrystallization of {310} texture and enhanced magnetostriction in Fe-Ga alloy thin sheet. J. Mater. Res. Technol., 2023, 22: 1868

[14] Bormio-NunesC, Sato TurtelliR, MuellerH, GrössingerR, SassikH, TirelliMA. Magnetostriction and structural characterization of Fe-Ga-X (X=Co, Ni, Al) mold-cast bulk. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2005, 290: 820

[15] S.M. Na and A.B. Flatau, Deformation behavior and magnetostriction of polycrystalline Fe-Ga-X (X=B, C, Mn, Mo, Nb, NbC) alloys, J. Appl. Phys., 103(2008), No. 7, art. No. 07D304.

[16] NoltingAE, SummersE. Tensile properties of binary and alloyed Galfenol. J. Mater. Sci., 2015, 50(15): 5136

[17] T.A. Lograsso, N.J. Jones, D.L. Schlagel, et al., Effects of Zn additions to highly magnetoelastic FeGa alloys, J. Appl. Phys., 117(2015), No. 17, art. No. 17E701.

[18] LiaoLL, FangML, ZhuJ, LiJH, WangJ. Influence of Al on the magnetostriction of Fe-Ga polycrystal alloys under compressive stress. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2014, 21(1): 52

[19] XiaoXM, GaoXX, LiJH, XieJX. Influence of yttrium on the structure and magnetostriction of Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2012, 19(9): 849

[20] TakahashiT, OkazakiT, FuruyaY. Improvement in the mechanical strength of magnetostrictive (Fe-Ga-Al)-X-C (X=Zr, Nb and Mo) alloys by carbide precipitation. Scripta Mater., 2009, 61(1): 5

[21] SunAL, LiuJH, JiangCB. Dual-reinforcement (TaC_particle+TaC_dendrite)/FeGa magnetostrictive composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2015, 639: 370

[22] SunAL, LiuJH, JiangCB. Microstructural characteristics and in situ reinforcement in NbC-doped Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ magnetostrictive alloys. Mater. Des., 2015, 88: 1342

[23] W. Wu, J.H. Liu, C.B. Jiang, and H.B. Xu, Giant magnetostriction in Tb-doped Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ melt-spun ribbons, Appl. Phys. Lett., 103(2013), No. 26, art. No. 262403.

[24] JinTY, WuW, JiangCB. Improved magnetostriction of Dy-doped Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ melt-spun ribbons. Scripta Mater., 2014, 74: 100

[25] WuW, LiuJH, JiangCB. Tb solid solution and enhanced magnetostriction in Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloys. J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 622: 379

[26] MengCZ, JiangCB. Magnetostriction of a Fe₈₃Ga17 single crystal slightly doped with Tb. Scripta Mater., 2016, 114: 9

[27] GolovinIS, BalagurovAM, PalachevaVV, et al.. Influence of Tb on structure and properties of Fe-19%Ga and Fe-27%Ga alloys. J. Alloys Compd., 2017, 707: 51

[28] EmdadiA, PalachevaVV, BalagurovAM, et al.. Tb-dependent phase transitions in Fe-Ga functional alloys. Intermetallics, 2018, 93: 55

[29] GolovinIS, DubovLY, FuntikovYV, PalachevaVV, CifreJ, HamanaD. Study of ordering and properties in Fe-Ga alloys with 18 and 21 at. pct Ga. Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2015, 46(3): 1131

[30] HeYK, JiangCB, WuW, et al.. Giant heterogeneous magnetostriction in Fe-Ga alloys: Effect of trace element doping. Acta Mater., 2016, 109: 177

[31] Y.Y. Wu, Y.J. Chen, C.Z. Meng, et al., Multiscale influence of trace Tb addition on the magnetostriction and ductility of 〈100〉 oriented directionally solidified Fe-Ga crystals, Phys. Rev. Mater., 3(2019), No. 3, art. No. 033401.

[32] MengCZ, WuYY, JiangCB. Design of high ductility FeGa magnetostrictive alloys: Tb doping and directional solidification. Mater. Des., 2017, 130: 183

[33] WuYY, FangL, MengCZ, et al.. Improved magneostriction and mechanical properties in dual-phase FeGa single crystal. Mater. Res. Lett., 2018, 6(6): 327

[34] Z.H. He, C.D. Mi, Y.H. Sha, et al., Enhanced magnetostriction of rolled (Fe₈₁Ga₁₉)_99.93Tb_0.07 thin sheet by synergy strategy of secondary recrystallization and trace Tb-doping, J. Alloys Compd., 942(2023), art. No. 169108.

[35] Z.H. He, H.J. Du, Y.H. Sha, et al., Secondary recrystallization behavior in magnetostrictive Fe-Ga thin sheets induced by nano-sized composite precipitates, AIP Adv., 11(2021), No. 3, art. No. 035313.

[36] XiaZS, KangYL, WangQL. Developments in the production of grain-oriented electrical steel. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2008, 320(23): 3229

[37] LiuHT, YaoSJ, SunY, et al.. Evolution of microstructure, texture and inhibitor along the processing route for grain-oriented electrical steels using strip casting. Mater. Charact., 2015, 106: 273

[38] FangF, ZhangYX, LuX, et al.. Inhibitor induced secondary recrystallization in thin-gauge grain oriented silicon steel with high permeability. Mater. Des., 2016, 105: 398

[39] WangLM, LinQ, YueLJ, LiuL, GuoF, WangFM. Study of application of rare earth elements in advanced low alloy steels. J. Alloys Compd., 2008, 451(1–2): 534

[40] HeZH, ShaYH, GaoYK, ChangST, ZhangF, ZuoL. Recrystallization texture development in rare-earth (RE)-doped non-oriented silicon steel. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2020, 27(11): 1339

[41] H.Y. Song, Y.P. Wang, C. Esling, G.D. Wang, and H.T. Liu, The role of grain colony on secondary recrystallization in grain-oriented electrical steel: New insights from an original tracking experiment, Acta Mater., 206(2021), art. No. 116611.

[42] ParkJT, SzpunarJA. Evolution of recrystallization texture in nonoriented electrical steels. Acta Mater., 2003, 51(11): 3037

[43] HeZH, ShaYH, ZhangF, LinFF, ZuoL. Development of strong η fiber recrystallization texture in rolled Fe₈₁Ga19 thin sheet. Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2014, 45(1): 129

[44] HaraseJ, ShimizuR, TakahashiN. Coincidence grain boundary and (100)[001]secondary recrystallization in Fe-3% Si. Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, 38(10): 1849

[45] HayakawaY, SzpunarJA. The role of grain boundary character distribution in secondary recrystallization of electrical steels. Acta Mater., 1997, 45(3): 1285

[46] T.Y. Ma, S.S. Hu, G.H. Bai, et al., Structural origin for the local strong anisotropy in melt-spun Fe-Ga-Tb: Tetragonal nanoparticles, Appl. Phys. Lett., 106(2015), No. 11, art. No. 112401.

[47] J.M. Gou, T.Y. Ma, X.L. Liu, et al., Large and sensitive magnetostriction in ferromagnetic composites with nanodispersive precipitates, NPG Asia Mater., 13(2021), art. No. 6.

[48] Y.J. Chen, Z.H. Fu, Y.Y. Wu, et al., Giant heterogeneous magnetostriction induced by charge accumulation-mediated nanoinclusion formation in dual-phase nanostructured systems, Acta Mater., 213(2021), art. No. 116975.

[49] T.Y. Jin, H. Wang, Y.J. Chen, T. Li, J.M. Wang, and C.B. Jiang, Evolution of nanoheterogeneities and correlative influence on magnetostriction in FeGa-based magnetostrictive alloys, Mater. Charact., 186(2022), art. No. 111780.

[50] HÿtchMJ, SnoeckE, KilaasR. Quantitative measurement of displacement and strain fields from HREM micrographs. Ultramicroscopy, 1998, 74(3): 131

[51] WangH, ZhangZD, WuRQ, SunLZ. Large-scale first-principles determination of anisotropic mechanical properties of magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloys. Acta Mater., 2013, 61(8): 2919

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

University of Science and Technology Beijing