Wall slip behavior of cemented paste backfill slurry during pipeline based on noncontact experimental detection

Abstract

Wall slip is a microscopic phenomenon of cemented paste backfill (CPB) slurry near the pipe wall, which has an important influence on the form of slurry pipe transport flow and velocity distribution. Directly probing the wall slip characteristics using conventional experimental methods is difficult. Therefore, this paper established a noncontact experimental platform for monitoring the microscopic slip layer of CPB pipeline transport independently based on particle image velocimetry (PIV) and analyzed the effects of slurry temperature, pipe diameter, solid concentration, and slurry flow on the wall slip velocity of the CPB slurry, which refined the theory of the effect of wall slip characteristics on pipeline transport. The results showed that the CPB slurry had an extensive slip layer at the pipe wall with significant wall slip. High slurry temperature improved the degree of particle Brownian motion within the slurry and enhanced the wall slip effect. Increasing the pipe diameter was not conducive to the formation of the slurry slip layer and led to a transition in the CPB slurry flow pattern. The increase in the solid concentration raised the interlayer shear effect of CPB slurry flow and the slip velocity. The slip velocity value increased from 0.025 to 0.056 m·s⁻¹ when the solid content improved from 55wt% to 65wt%. When slurry flow increased, the CPB slurry flocculation structure changed, which affected the slip velocity, and the best effect of slip layer resistance reduction was achieved when the transported flow rate was 1.01 m³·h⁻¹. The results had important theoretical significance for improving the stability and economy of the CPB slurry in the pipeline.

Keywords

particle image velocimetry / cemented paste backfill / noncontact experimental platform / wall slip behavior / pipeline transportation

References

[1] Wu AX, Ruan ZE, Wang JD. Rheological behavior of paste in metal mines. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2022, 29(4): 717.

[2] T. Kasap, E. Yilmaz, and M. Sari, Physico-chemical and microstructural behavior of cemented mine backfill: Effect of pH in dam tailings, J. Environ. Manage., 314(2022), art. No. 115034.

[3] T. Chen, K. Zhao, Y.J. Yan, Y. Zhou, Z.W. He, and L.J. Guo, Mechanical properties and acoustic emission response of cemented tailings backfill under variable angle shear, Constr. Build. Mater., 343(2022), art. No. 128114.

[4] A. Roshani and M. Fall, Rheological properties of cemented paste backfill with nano-silica: Link to curing temperature, Cem. Concr. Compos., 114(2020), art. No. 103785.

[5] Haruna S, Fall M. Time- and temperature-dependent rheological properties of cemented paste backfill that contains superplasticizer. Powder Technol., 2020, 360, 731.

[6] E.A. Ermolovich, A.L. Ivannikov, M.M. Khayrutdinov, C.B. Kongar-Syuryun, and Y.S. Tyulyaeva, Creation of a nanomodified backfill based on the waste from enrichment of water-soluble ores, Materials (Basel), 15(2022), No. 10, art. No. 3689.

[7] K. El Mahboub, M. Mbonimpa, T. Belem, and A. Maqsoud, Rheological characterization of cemented paste backfills containing superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), Constr. Build. Mater., 317(2022), art. No. 125863.

[8] Z. Yan, S. Yin, X. Chen, and L. Wang, Rheological properties and wall-slip behavior of cemented tailing-waste rock backfill (CTWB) paste, Constr. Build. Mater., 324(2022), art. No. 126723.

[9] S.H. Yin, Y. Zhou, X. Chen, and G.C. Li, A new acoustic emission characteristic parameter can be utilized to evaluate the failure of cemented paste backfill and rock combination, Constr. Build. Mater., 392(2023), art. No. 132017.

[10] Ribeiro J, Flores D, Ward CR, Silva LFO. Identification of nanominerals and nanoparticles in burning coal waste piles from Portugal. Sci. Total Environ., 2010, 408(23): 6032.

[11] J. Wang, J. Ma, K. Yang, S. Yao, and X. Shi, Effects and laws analysis for the mining technique of grouting into the overburden bedding separation, J. Cleaner Prod., 288(2021), art. No. 125121.

[12] M. Housseinpour, M. Osanloo, and Y. Azimi, Evaluation of positive and negative impacts of mining on sustainable development by a semi-quantitative method, J. Cleaner Prod., 366(2022), art. No. 132955.

[13] Sinha SL, Dewangan SK, Sharma A. A review on particulate slurry erosive wear of industrial materials: In context with pipeline transportation of mineral–slurry. Part. Sci. Technol., 2017, 35(1): 103.

[14] Zhang QL, Liu Q, Zhao JW, Liu JG. Pipeline transportation characteristics of filling paste-like slurry pipeline in deep mine. Chin. J. Nonferrous Met., 2015, 25(11): 3190.

[15] Qi C, Chen Q, Fourie A, Zhao J, Zhang Q. Pressure drop in pipe flow of cemented paste backfill: Experimental and modeling study. Powder Technol., 2018, 333, 9.

[16] C. Qi and A. Fourie, Cemented paste backfill for mineral tailings management: Review and future perspectives, Miner. Eng., 144(2019), art. No. 106025.

[17] Liu L, Fang Z, Qi C, Zhang B, Guo L, Song KI. Numerical study on the pipe flow characteristics of the cemented paste backfill slurry considering hydration effects. Powder Technol., 2019, 343, 454.

[18] Wu D, Yang B, Liu Y. Transportability and pressure drop of fresh cemented coal gangue–fly ash backfill (CGFB) slurry in pipe loop. Powder Technol., 2015, 284, 218.

[19] Chen QS, Sun SY, Liu YK, Qi CC, Zhou HB, Zhang QL. Immobilization and leaching characteristics of fluoride from phosphogypsum-based cemented paste backfill. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2021, 28(9): 1440.

[20] Liu L, Xin J, Huan C, et al. Effect of curing time on the mesoscopic parameters of cemented paste backfill simulated using the particle flow code technique. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2021, 28(4): 590.

[21] Li H, Wu AX, Wang HJ, Chen H, Yang LH. Changes in underflow solid fraction and yield stress in paste thickeners by circulation. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2021, 28(3): 349.

[22] N. Zhou, C.W. Dong, J.X. Zhang, G.H. Meng, and Q.Q. Cheng, Influences of mine water on the properties of construction and demolition waste-based cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater., 313(2021), art. No. 125492.

[23] Asim T, Mishra R. Computational fluid dynamics based optimal design of hydraulic capsule pipelines transporting cylindrical capsules. Powder Technol., 2016, 295, 180.

[24] H.K. Sun, D.Q. Gan, Z.L. Xue, and Y.J. Zhang, Categorization of factors affecting the resistance and parameters optimization of ultra-fine cemented paste backfill pipeline transport, Buildings, 12(2022), No. 10, art. No. 1697.

[25] Kaushal DR, Thinglas T, Tomita Y, Kuchii S, Tsukamoto H. CFD modeling for pipeline flow of fine particles at high concentration. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 2012, 43, 85.

[26] Liu M, Chen LY, Duan YF. Local resistance characteristics of highly concentrated coal-water slurry flow through fittings. Korean J. Chem. Eng., 2009, 26(2): 569.

[27] Gharib N, Bharathan B, Amiri L, McGuinness M, Hassani FP, Sasmito AP. Flow characteristics and wear prediction of Herschel-Bulkley non-Newtonian paste backfill in pipe elbows. Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2017, 95(6): 1181.

[28] Chang J, Jung T, Choi H, Kim J. Predictions of the effective slip length and drag reduction with a lubricated microgroove surface in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech., 2019, 874, 797.

[29] Hadri F, Besq A, Guillou S, Makhloufi R. Drag reduction with an aqueous solution of CTAC-NaSal: Study of the wall slip with a Couette geometry. C.R. Mec., 2010, 338(3): 152.

[30] Lam YC, Wang ZY, Chen X, Joshi SC. Wall slip of concentrated suspension melts in capillary flows. Powder Technol., 2007, 177(3): 162.

[31] Malik M, Kalyon DM, Golba Jr JC. Simulation of Corotating twin screw extrusion process subject to pressure-dependent wall slip at barrel and screw surfaces: 3D FEM analysis for combinations of forward- and reverse-conveying screw elements. Int. Polym. Process., 2014, 29(1): 51.

[32] Gulmus SA, Yilmazer U. Effect of volume fraction and particle size on wall slip in flow of polymeric suspensions. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 98(1): 439.

[33] Fusi L, Farina A, Saccomandi G, Rajagopal KR. Lubrication approximation of flows of a special class of non-Newtonian fluids defined by rate type constitutive equations. Appl. Math. Model., 2018, 60, 508.

[34] Mirzaeifar H, Hatami K, Abdi MR. Pullout testing and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) analysis of geogrid reinforcement embedded in granular drainage layers. Geotext. Geomembr., 2022, 50(6): 1083.

[35] S. Hochstein, A. Jakupov, J.U. Schmollack, D. Sporer, V. Wank, and R. Blickhan, An alternative illumination source based on LEDs for PIV measurements on human swimmers—A feasibility study, Flow Meas. Instrum., 88(2022), art. No. 102251.

[36] Hori T, Sakakibara J. High-speed scanning stereoscopic PIV for 3D vorticity measurement in liquids. Meas. Sci. Technol., 2004, 15(6): 1067.

[37] A. Sciacchitano, B. Wieneke, and F. Scarano, PIV uncertainty quantification by image matching, Meas. Sci. Technol., 24(2013), No. 4, art. No. 045302.

[38] X. Zhang and X. Wang, Novel survey on the color-image graying algorithm, [in] 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT), Nadi, 2016, p. 750.

[39] Ghosh S, van den Ende D, Mugele F, Duits MHG. Apparent wall-slip of colloidal hard-sphere suspensions in microchannel flow. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2016, 491, 50.

[40] Medhi BJ, Ashok Kumar A, Singh A. Apparent wall slip velocity measurements in free surface flow of concentrated suspensions. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 2011, 37(6): 609.

[41] He J, Lee SS, Kalyon DM. Shear viscosity and wall slip behavior of dense suspensions of polydisperse particles. J. Rheol., 2019, 63(1): 19.

[42] Karzar-Jeddi M, Luo HX, Cummings PT. Mobilities of polydisperse hard spheres near a no-slip wall. Comput. Fluids, 2018, 176, 40.

[43] Ma X, Duan Y, Li H. Wall slip and rheological behavior of petroleum-coke sludge slurries flowing in pipelines. Powder Technol., 2012, 230, 127.

[44] Chen LY, Duan YF, Zhao CS, Yang LG. Rheological behavior and wall slip of concentrated coal water slurry in pipe flows. Chem. Eng. Process. Process. Intensif., 2009, 48(7): 1241.

[45] Wu AX, Liu XH, Wang HJ, Wang YM, Jiao HZ, Liu SZ. Resistance characteristics of structure fluid back-filling slurry in pipeline transport. J. Cent. South Univ. Sci. Technol., 2014, 45(12): 4325.

[46] Soltani F, Yilmazer Ü. Slip velocity and slip layer thickness in flow of concentrated suspensions. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1998, 70(3): 515.