Microwave assisted synthesis & properties of nano HA-TCP biphasic calcium phosphate

Abstract

Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) nanopowders were synthesized by using microwave and non-microwave irradiation assisted processes. The synthesized powders were pressed under a pressure of 90 MPa, and then were sintered at 1000–1200°C for 1 h. The mechanical properties of the samples were investigated. The formed phases and microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the synthesis time was shorter, along with a more homogeneous microstructure, when the microwave irradiation assisted method was applied. The compression strength and the Young’s modulus of the samples synthesized with microwave irradiation were about 60 MPa and 3 GPa, but those of the samples synthesized without microwave irradiation were about 30 MPa and 2 GPa, respectively. XRD patterns of the microwave irradiation assisted and non-microwave irradiation assisted nanopowders showed the coexistence of hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) phases in the system.

Keywords

bioceramics / calcium phosphate / hydroxyapatite (HA) / tricalcium phosphate / nanoparticles (TCP) / mechanical properties / microwave irradiation

References

[1] Chevalier J., Gremillard L. Ceramics for medical applications: a picture for the next 20 years. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2009, 29, 1245

[2] Silva C.C., Graça M.P.F., Valente M.A., Góes J.C., Sombra A.S.B. Microwave preparation, structure and electrical properties of calcium-sodium-phosphate biosystem. J. Non Cryst. Solids, 2006, 352, 3512

[3] Habraken W.J.E.M., Wolke J.G.C., Jansen J.A. Ceramic composites as matrices and scaffolds for drug delivery in tissue engineering. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev., 2007, 59, 234

[4] Tampieri A., Celotti G., Szontagh F., Landi E. Sintering and characterization of HA and TCP bioceramics with control of their strength and phase purity. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 1997, 8, 29

[5] Descamps M., Hornez J.C., Leriche A. Manufacture of hydroxyapatite beads for medical applications. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2009, 29, 369

[6] Valefi M., Falamaki C., Ebadzadeh T., Hashjin M.S. New insights of the glycine-nitrate process for the synthesis of nano-crystalline 8YSZ. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2007, 90, 2008

[7] Lewis D.III Imam M.A., Fliflet A.W., Bruce R.W., Kurihara L.K., Kinkead A.K., Lombardi M., Gold S.H. Recent advances in microwave and millimeter-wave processing of materials. Mater. Sci. Forum, 2007, 539–543, 3249

[8] Lewis D.III Bruce R.W., Fliflet A.W., Imam M.A., Kurihara L.K., Bruce R.L. Microwave and millimeter-wave processing of materials. Mater. Sci. Forum, 2005, 475–479, 2739

[9] Ghomaspasand E. Mechanical Properties of HA-TCP Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) Synthesized via Microwave, 2010, Tehran, Islamic Azad University

[10] Lee B.T., Youn M.H., Paul R.K., Lee K.H., Song H.Y. In situ synthesis of spherical BCP nanopowders by microwave assisted process. Mater. Chem. Phys., 2007, 104, 249

[11] Choi D., Marra K.G., Kumta P.N. Chemical synthesis of hydroxyapatite/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) composites. Mater. Res. Bull., 2004, 39, 417

[12] Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, Powder Diffraction Files 09-0432, 09-0169, 09-0348, 72-0713, 11-0293, 43-1001, 04-0733, 71-1760, 11-0177.44-0782.

[13] Chanda A., Dasgupta S., Bose S., Bandyopadhyay A. Microwave sintering of calcium phosphate ceramics. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2009, 29, 1144

[14] Veljović Dj., Zalite I., Palcevskis E., Smiciklas I., Petrović R., Janaćković Dj. Microwave sintering of fine grained HAP and HAP/TCP bioceramics. Ceram. Int., 2010, 36, 595

[15] Tancret F., Bouler J.M., Chamousset J., Minois L.M. Modelling the mechanical properties of microporous and macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2006, 26, 3647

[16] Ramesh S., Tan C.Y., Bhaduri S.B., Teng W.D., Sopyan I. Densification behavior of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bioceramics. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2008, 206, 221