Yielding performance of compact yielding anchor cable in working state: Analytical theory and experimental evaluation of yielding resistance enhancement effect

Abstract

To elucidate the yielding performance of compact yielding anchor cables in working state, a yielding mechanical model incorporating extrusion friction and fastening rotation under confining pressure is constructed. The yielding resistance enhancement effect (ω) caused by working environment constraints is evaluated through multi-layer composite sleeve hole expansion analysis, forming a theoretical framework for calculating the working yielding force. Laboratory and in-situ pull-out tests are conducted to determine the yielding performance and validate the analytical theory. The main conclusions are: (1) Yielding force and energy-release capacity increase with ω, significantly outperforming the unconfined state. (2) In-situ tests under varying rockmass and geostress conditions (F1-F3) determine the yielding force increases to 183.4-290.1, 204.0-290.8, and 235.0-327.1 kN. (3) The slight deviation (-12.5% to 6.2%) between the theoretical and measured yielding force confirms that the analytical theory effectively describes the working yielding performance. (4) ω increases with higher geostress and improved rock mechanical properties, with initial geostress (σ₀) and elastic modulus of surrounding rock (E₃) identified as critical parameters.

Keywords

Compact yielding anchor cables / Working state / Yielding resistance enhancement effect / Yielding mechanical performance / Pull-out test

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U2468217, U2034205, and 52308391). And we sincerely thank the editors and reviewers who helped improve this paper.

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