Kinetic Compensation of Barrel Launch Under High-Speed Solid-Phase Particulate Impacts

Abstract

An accurate launch-dynamics computational method is critical for barrel weapon service life assessment and multiphase physics field refinement. Given the lack of studies on the solid-phase buildup behavior at the projectile base, this paper provides an improved method for calculating the launching dynamics under high pressure and high speed. The method realizes the compensation of projectile base pressure and velocity under the impact of numerous propellant particulates by modifying computational boundaries and appending propulsive forces. Unlike previous studies, it is found that the solid-phase propulsion for the projectile is significantly larger than the gas-phase propulsion for the projectile at the early stage of launch. Moreover, an artillery launch experiment with a large charge zone is conducted to verify the reliability of the computational method. The results show that the dynamic time wrapping deviations of the pressure and velocity based on the proposed method from the launch experiment are only 0.82% and 0.93%, respectively, and the root mean square error values are 2.1 MPa and 3.2 m/s, respectively, which are smaller than the deviation before compensation.

Keywords

barrel weapons / intergranular stress / launch dynamics / multiphase physical field / two-phase flow

References

[1] S. Li, L. Wang, F. Xu, and G. Yang, “Numerical Simulations for Artillery Barrel Temperature Variation Considering Mechanical Friction Heat Under Continuous Shots,” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 142 (2023): 106663.

[2] S. Li, L. Wang, and G. Yang, “Surface Damage Evolution of Artillery Barrel Under High-Temperature Erosion and High-Speed Impact,” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 42 (2023): 102762.

[3] L. Wang, S. Li, F. Xu, and G. Yang, “United Computational Model for Predicting Thermochemical–Mechanical Erosion in Artillery Barrel Considering Friction Behavior,” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 29 (2022): 101726.

[4] B. Wu, L. H. Fang, J. Zheng, et al., “Strain Hardening and Strain-Rate Effect in Friction Between Projectile and Barrel During Engraving Process,” Tribology Letters 67, no. 2 (2019): 39.

[5] B. Wu, B. Liu, J. Zheng, et al., “Strain-Based Health Monitoring and Remaining Life Prediction of Large Caliber Gun Barrel,” Measurement 122 (2018): 297–311.

[6] B. Wu, J. Zheng, Q. Tian, Z. Zou, X. Chen, and K. Zhang, “Friction and Wear Between Rotating Band and Gun Barrel During Engraving Process,” Wear 318, no. 1–2 (2014): 106–113.

[7] Q. Sun, G. Yang, and J. Ge, “Modeling and Simulation on Engraving Process of Projectile Rotating Band Under Different Charge Cases,” Journal of Vibration and Control 23, no. 6 (2016): 1044–1054.

[8] J. H. Guo, X. F. Yao, J. M. Qiao, Y. L. Li, and X. D. Zhang, “An Investigation on Plastic Deformation of Rotating Band for Large Caliber Gun Projectile During Engraving Process,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1507, no. 8 (2020): 082006.

[9] Y. Yang, X. Zhang, C. Xu, and L. Fan, “Dynamic Stress Analysis of Anisotropic Gun Barrel Under Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Loads via Finite Element Method,” Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 17, no. 1 (2020): e243.

[10] M. Dhouibi, H. Ousji, O. Atoui, R. Nassri, and M. Pirlot, “Modeling and Simulation of the Engraving Process in Different Life Stages of Small Caliber Guns,” Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 144, no. 5 (2022): 051303.

[11] F. Liu, H. Liu, Y. Liu, et al., “Transient Numerical Study of CO₂ Two-Phase Flow in a Needle Adjustable Ejector,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 214 (2023): 124395.

[12] Y. Zeng, A. Zou, and E. Luo, “Numerical Study on Two-Phase Supersonic Expansion Refrigeration in Novel CO₂ Refrigeration Technology,” Applied Thermal Engineering 230 (2023): 120732.

[13] S. Li and B. Bai, “Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Rates Measurement Using Physics-Guided Deep Learning,” International Journal of Multiphase Flow 162 (2023): 104421.

[14] G. Monreal-González, R. A. Otón-Martínez, F. J. S. Velasco, J. R. García-Cascáles, and F. J. Ramírez-Fernández, “One-Dimensional Modelling of Internal Ballistics,” Journal of Energetic Materials 35, no. 4 (2017): 397–420.

[15] C. Hu and X. Zhang, “A Fluid–Structure Coupling Method to Obtain Parameter Distributions in a Combustion Chamber With Moving Boundaries,” Applied Thermal Engineering 141 (2018): 1048–1054.

[16] C. Hu and X. Zhang, “Performance Variation of a Transient Dynamic Fluid–Structure Interaction System in Different Life Stages and Methods for Maintaining the Performance,” Applied Thermal Engineering 130 (2018): 1012–1021.

[17] R. A. Otón-Martínez, F. J. S. Velasco, F. Nicolás-Pérez, J. R. García-Cascales, and R. Mur-Sanz de Galdeano, “Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Internal Ballistics for Solid Propellant Combinations,” Mathematics 9, no. 21 (2021): 2714.

[18] X. Dong, X. Rui, and C. Li, “Interior Ballistic Two-Phase Flow Model and Its Calculation for a Mixed Charge Structure,” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 144 (2023): 106788.

[19] I. S. Menshov, M. Y. Nemtsev, and I. V. Semenov, “Numerical Modeling of Wave Processes Accompanying Combustion of Inhomogeneously Distributed Composite Propellant,” Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics 59, no. 9 (2019): 1528–1541.

[20] T. Xin, G. Yang, L. Wang, and Q. Sun, “Numerical Calculation and Uncertain Optimization of Energy Conversion in Interior Ballistics Stage,” Energies 13, no. 21 (2020): 5824.

[21] T. Xin, G. Yang, F. Xu, Q. Sun, and A. Minak, “Modeling, Simulation and Uncertain Optimization of the Gun Engraving System,” Mathematics 9, no. 4 (2021): 398.

[22] F. Xu, G. Yang, L. Wang, and Q. Sun, “Interval Uncertain Optimization for Interior Ballistics Based on Chebyshev Surrogate Model and Affine Arithmetic,” Engineering Optimization 53, no. 8 (2020): 1331–1348.

[23] S. C. Wang, Y. H. Zhou, Q. L. Liu, and J. G. Wei, Theory and Application of Multi-Phase Combustion in Bore (Publishing House of Ordnance Industry, 1994).

[24] Z. M. Jin and C. S. Weng, Advanced Interior Ballistics (Higher Education Press, 2003).

[25] C. Cheng and X. Zhang, “Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Gas–Solid Reactive Flow With Moving Boundary,” Combustion Science and Technology 187, no. 7 (2015): 977–998.

[26] A. Chen and Y. Yu, “Investigation of Particle Distribution After the Energetic Module Broken in the Ignition Process of Gun,” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 41 (2023): 102619.

[27] Q. H. Cheng, Y. X. Li, and X. Z. Bu, “Measurement Technology of Percussion Force of Powder Grains,” Journal of Ballistics 3 (2008): 20–23.

[28] Z. M. Jin, Y. X. Yuan, and C. M. Weng, “Classification of Two-Phase Flow Equations in Interior Ballistics and Inter-Granular Stress,” Acta Armamentarii 02 (1994): 13–18.

[29] Z. M. Jin and M. Song, “Bulk Modulus of Propell Beds and Intragranular Stress,” Acta Armamentarii 1 (1990): 28–35.

Rights & permissions

2025 The Author(s). International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Nanjing University of Science and Technology.