Geomorphological perspective of geodiversity: A case study of Al-Zubaidat area, east of Misan Governorate (Iraq)

Abstract

This research investigates the geodiversity of the AL-Zubaidat region in Southeastern Iraq, with a focus on its geomorphological and hydrological characteristics. This information helps re-searchers identify suitable locations for natural reserves, thereby enhancing the protection of Iraqi biodiversity. The region attracts eco-tourism visitors, beneϕιting the economy and provid-ing various scientiϕιc, cultural, educational, and aesthetic beneϕιts. This research employed the geoinformatics methodology for geospatial analysis, constructing a comprehensive geodatabase, categorizing spatial features through topographic, geological, and hydrological maps, and correlating data with satellite imagery and elevation models. Geodiversity was clas-siϕιed according to physical parameters and international criteria, with the ϕιnal classiϕιcation attributes formulated utilizing maps, ϕιeld photographs, and geodatabases. The research em-ployed speciϕιc parameters to analyze the geomorphometric and slope diversity of the Al-Zubaidat area watersheds. The study area in Al-Zubaidat comprises dome-shaped hills, ter-tiary geological formations, valleys, and badlands. The area encompasses 782.308 km² and shall consist of three principal watersheds (Al-Sharhani, Abu-Ghraibat, and Al-Shakak), as well as 12 sub-watersheds. The watershed perimeter is correlated with the circulating ratio, form factor, and elongation ratio, with larger perimeters generally indicating larger basin areas. The region encompasses low-slope terrain, with elevated slope values in the northern sections, especially in the headwaters. Geoheritage, geodiversity, geoconservation, and geoparks can facilitate sus-tainable development, promote healthy lifestyles, and foster cultural diversity. These initiatives are crucial for policymakers and regional stakeholders in semi-arid and developing regions, particularly in Southeast Asia, to enhance income and protect vulnerable natural resources.

Keywords

geomorphology / geodiversity / geosite / geoheritage / AL-Zubaidat area

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